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      Late Tricuspid Regurgitation after Percutaneous Transcatheter Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect: an Educational Presentation

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          Abstract

          Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defects (VSD) is not out of complications. Late complications are rare, but important, and sometimes require surgical correction. Herein, we report a case of tricuspid regurgitation as a complication of transcatheter VSD closure. The patient underwent successful surgery. Postoperative course was satisfactory. Echocardiographic examination revealed well-functioning tricuspid valve. We present this case since valve regurgitation after transcatheter procedure requiring surgery is an uncommon but significant complication due to heart failure risk. Even in the absence of any clinical finding, post-procedural close follow-up is important for early diagnosis of the problem to prevent the aforementioned risk.

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          Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

          Congenital heart disease (CHD) accounts for nearly one-third of all major congenital anomalies. CHD birth prevalence worldwide and over time is suggested to vary; however, a complete overview is missing. This systematic review included 114 papers, comprising a total study population of 24,091,867 live births with CHD identified in 164,396 individuals. Birth prevalence of total CHD and the 8 most common subtypes were pooled in 5-year time periods since 1930 and in continent and income groups since 1970 using the inverse variance method. Reported total CHD birth prevalence increased substantially over time, from 0.6 per 1,000 live births (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4 to 0.8) in 1930 to 1934 to 9.1 per 1,000 live births (95% CI: 9.0 to 9.2) after 1995. Over the last 15 years, stabilization occurred, corresponding to 1.35 million newborns with CHD every year. Significant geographical differences were found. Asia reported the highest CHD birth prevalence, with 9.3 per 1,000 live births (95% CI: 8.9 to 9.7), with relatively more pulmonary outflow obstructions and fewer left ventricular outflow tract obstructions. Reported total CHD birth prevalence in Europe was significantly higher than in North America (8.2 per 1,000 live births [95% CI: 8.1 to 8.3] vs. 6.9 per 1,000 live births [95% CI: 6.7 to 7.1]; p < 0.001). Access to health care is still limited in many parts of the world, as are diagnostic facilities, probably accounting for differences in reported birth prevalence between high- and low-income countries. Observed differences may also be of genetic, environmental, socioeconomical, or ethnic origin, and there needs to be further investigation to tailor the management of this global health problem. Copyright © 2011 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association.

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              Transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects: mid-term outcomes

              Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure for perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) and its long-term results. The most common congenital heart condition is pmVSD. Transcatheter closure of pmVSD is a recently described technique with limited results for mid- to long-term follow-up. Methods and results Between June 2002 and June 2008, 848 patients with pmVSD were enrolled in our study and treated percutaneously with pmVSD occluders. All patients were followed up until December 2008, an average of 37 months. According to colour Doppler transthoracic echocardiography before the intervention and ventriculography, the average end-diastolic pmVSD size was 5.1 and 5.4 mm, respectively. Placement of the device was successful in 832 patients (98.1%) and the median device size was 8.6 mm. During follow-up, 103 adverse events (12.4%) were reported. Most adverse events were categorized as minor and there were nine major adverse events (8.7%), including two complete atrioventricular block requiring pacemaker implantation. Kaplan–Meier estimates showed >85% freedom from major or minor adverse events during a maximal follow-up of 79 months. Conclusions In experienced hands, transcatheter pmVSD closure can be performed safely and successfully with low morbidity and mortality. Long-term prognostic results are favourable, and the transcatheter approach provides a less-invasive alternative that may become the first choice in selected pmVSD patients. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00890799.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: MD
                Role: MD
                Journal
                Braz J Cardiovasc Surg
                Braz J Cardiovasc Surg
                rbccv
                Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
                Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular
                0102-7638
                1678-9741
                Mar-Apr 2021
                Mar-Apr 2021
                : 36
                : 2
                : 253-256
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Istanbul Education Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
                [2 ]Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Koc University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
                Author notes
                Correspondence Address: Kamil Sarkislali, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-7394, Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Istanbul Education Research Hospital, Kasap Ilyas Mahallesi Abdurrahman Nafiz Gurman Caddesi Samatya/Fatih Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey - Zip Code: 34098. E-mail: ksarkisla@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-7394
                Article
                10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0172
                8163272
                33577256
                0ea924ee-8649-4166-b763-2972ce8b993d

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 16 April 2020
                : 27 July 2020
                Categories
                Educational Forum

                heart septal defects, ventricular,echocardiography,heart valve diseases,early diagnosis,tricuspid valve insufficiency

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