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      Association of eating patterns and abdominal adiposity in Brazilian Translated title: Associação de padrões alimentares e adiposidade abdominal em adultos brasileiros

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective To examine the relationship between dietary patterns and abdominal adiposity among adults living in the urban area of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study of 959 adults of both sexes. Information on sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake was collected through questionnaires. Abdominal adiposity was evaluated using waist circumference and the anthropometric indices waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio. Food patterns were identified by factor analysis. Poisson regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results Abdominal adiposity was identified by waist circumference in 59.06% (95%CI=52.77–65.08) of the sample, by waist-to-hip ratio in 54.65% (95%CI=47.92–61.21), and by waist-to-height ratio in 9% (95%CI=54.61–69.03). Two dietary patterns, named as traditional Brazilian and bar, were identified in the sample, but only the latter was statistically associated with abdominal adiposity determined by the three parameters. Conclusion The study identified two eating patterns in the population, a healthy and an unhealthy pattern, the latter being associated with greater odds of abdominal adiposity. Thus, it is important to take measures to reverse this trend.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Objetivo Explorar a relação entre padrões alimentares e a adiposidade abdominal entre adultos residentes na área urbana do município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Métodos Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado com 959 indivíduos adultos e de ambos os sexos. Foram coletadas informações sobre as características sociodemográficas e de consumo alimentar por meio de questionários. Para avaliação da adiposidade abdominal, avaliou-se o perímetro da cintura e os índices antropométricos relação cintura/quadril e relação cintura/estatura. Os padrões alimentares foram identificados por análise fatorial. Para análise multivariada, foi utilizada regressão de Poisson. Resultados A adiposidade abdominal identificada pela perímetro da cintura foi de 59,06% (IC95%=52,77–65,08), pela relação cintura/quadril foi de 54,65% (IC95%=47,92–61,21) e pela relação cintura/estatura de 62,09% (IC95%=54,61–69,03). Foram identificados dois padrões alimentares, nomeados de padrão “tradicional” e “bar”, sendo que somente o último padrão foi estatisticamente associado à adiposidade abdominal determinada pelos três parâmetros. Conclusão A população do estudo apresentou dois padrões alimentares, um considerado saudável e outro não saudável, o qual foi associado à maior chance de adiposidade abdominal. Sendo assim, medidas que revertam tais situações são importantes de serem adotadas.

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          Censo Demográfico 2010

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            Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Obesity in Older People in China: Data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS)

            Background: No studies have been conducted to explore the associations between dietary patterns and obesity among older Chinese people, by considering gender and urbanization level differences. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey (2745 individuals, aged ≥ 60 years). Dietary data were obtained using 24 h-recall over three consecutive days. Height, Body Weight, and Waist Circumference were measured. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Multinomial and Poisson regression models were used to examine the association between dietary patterns and Body Mass Index (BMI) status/central obesity. Results: The prevalence of general and central obesity was 9.5% and 53.4%. Traditional dietary pattern (high intake of rice, pork and vegetables) was inversely associated with general/central obesity; modern dietary pattern (high intake of fruit, fast food, and processed meat) was positively associated with general/central obesity. The highest quartile of traditional dietary pattern had a lower risk of general/central obesity compared with the lowest quartile, while an inverse picture was found for the modern dietary pattern. These associations were consistent by gender and urbanization levels. Conclusions: Dietary patterns are associated with general/central obesity in older Chinese. This study reinforces the importance of a healthy diet in promoting healthy ageing in China.
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              Association of dietary patterns with BMI and waist circumference in a low-income neighbourhood in Brazil.

              Traditional analysis of food intake usually fails to show an association between energy and nutrient intake and indicators of obesity. The analysis of food patterns can contribute to the understanding of the association between eating habits and anthropometric indicators. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out on a low-income neighbourhood in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, and 1009 subjects between 20 and 65 years of age completed an FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis, and their associations with BMI and waist circumference (WC) were ascertained by applying a linear regression analysis. Three main dietary patterns were identified: a mixed pattern, which included cereals, fish and shrimp, vegetables, roots, fruits, eggs, meat and caffeinated beverages; a Western pattern, which consisted of 'fast foods', soft drinks, juices, cakes, cookies, milk and dairy, sweets and snacks; a traditional pattern, which included rice, beans, bread, sugar, fats and salad dressings. After adjusting for age and energy intake, we found that the traditional dietary pattern was inversely associated with BMI (beta = - 1.14, P < 0.001) and WC (beta = - 14.9, P = 0.002) among females. Additionally, a positive association between the Western pattern and WC (beta = 12.8, P = 0.02) was observed for females. A diet based on rice and beans may have a protective role against weight gain in women.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rn
                Revista de Nutrição
                Rev. Nutr.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Campinas, SP, Brazil )
                1678-9865
                December 2017
                : 30
                : 6
                : 783-793
                Affiliations
                [01] Barreiras Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal da Bahia orgdiv1Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde orgdiv2Núcleo de Nutrição Brazil daniellenut@ 123456hotmail.com
                [02] Viçosa Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Viçosa orgdiv1Centro de Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde Brazil
                Article
                S1415-52732017000600783
                10.1590/1678-98652017000600010
                0ed679d5-1671-4b2d-b1c9-67c62473ed27

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 July 2017
                : 13 November 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Factor analysis,Feeding behavior,Obesity abdominal,Análise fatorial,Comportamento alimentar,Adiposidade abdominal

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