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      • Record: found
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      Review of Terahertz Pulsed Imaging for Pharmaceutical Film Coating Analysis

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          Abstract

          Terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI) was introduced approximately fifteen years ago and has attracted a lot of interest in the pharmaceutical industry as a fast, non-destructive modality for quantifying film coatings on pharmaceutical dosage forms. In this topical review, we look back at the use of TPI for analysing pharmaceutical film coatings, highlighting the main contributions made and outlining the key challenges ahead.

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          Picosecond photoconducting Hertzian dipoles

          K. P. Cheung, P Smith, D. H. Auston (1984)
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            Review of Near-Field Terahertz Measurement Methods and Their Applications

            Aurele Adam (2011)
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              Analysis of coating structures and interfaces in solid oral dosage forms by three dimensional terahertz pulsed imaging.

              Thomas Rades, Philip Taday, C. Baker … (2007)
              Three dimensional terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI) was evaluated as a novel tool for the nondestructive characterization of different solid oral dosage forms. The time-domain reflection signal of coherent pulsed light in the far infrared was used to investigate film-coated tablets, sugar-coated tablets, multilayered controlled release tablets, and soft gelatin capsules. It is possible to determine the spatial and statistical distribution of coating thickness in single and multiple coated products using 3D TPI. The measurements are nondestructive even for layers buried underneath other coating structures. The internal structure of coating materials can be analyzed. As the terahertz signal penetrates up to 3 mm into the dosage form interfaces between layers in multilayered tablets can be investigated. In soft gelatin capsules it is possible to measure the thickness of the gelatin layer and to characterize the seal between the gelatin layers for quality control. TPI is a unique approach for the nondestructive characterization and quality control of solid dosage forms. The measurements are fast and fully automated with the potential for much wider application of the technique in the process analytical technology scheme. Copyright (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
              Article 0 comments Cited 34 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sensors (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sensors (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): sensors
                Title: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8220
                Publication date (Electronic): 06 March 2020
                Publication date Collection: March 2020
                Volume: 20
                Issue: 5
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1441
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; d.alvesdelima@ 123456lancaster.ac.uk (D.A.-L.); songjun@ 123456njfu.edu.cn (J.S.); x.li59@ 123456lancaster.ac.uk (X.L.)
                [2 ]Department of Information Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
                [3 ]TeraView Ltd., 1, Enterprise Cambridge Research Park, Cambridge CB25 9PD, UK; Alessia.Portieri@ 123456teraview.com
                [4 ]Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, UK; Y.C.Shen@ 123456liverpool.ac.uk
                [5 ]Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK; jaz22@ 123456cam.ac.uk
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-1993
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4958-0582
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-1371
                Article
                Publisher ID: sensors-20-01441
                DOI: 10.3390/s20051441
                PMC ID: 7085697
                PubMed ID: 32155785
                SO-VID: 0f4e90f0-3283-4eac-8bc0-cb5309b93ae2
                Copyright © © 2020 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 29 January 2020
                Date accepted : 02 March 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: film coatings,tpi,terahertz,characterization
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: film coatings, tpi, terahertz, characterization

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