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      Canistropsis e Nidularium (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Translated title: Canistropsis and Nidularium (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) in Serra dos Órgãos National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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          Abstract

          Resumo O Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO) está localizado entre os municípios fluminenses de Teresópolis, Petrópolis, Guapimirim e Magé abrangendo ambientes desde Floresta Pluvial Baixo Montana até Campos de Altitude. A família Bromeliaceae possui cerca de 3.503 espécies distribuídas em 59 gêneros. Os gêneros Canistropsis e Nidularium são endêmicos do Brasil e possuem seu centro de diversidade na Mata Atlântica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi inventariar e descrever os táxons presentes no PARNASO, além de propor chaves de identificação dos gêneros e das espécies e fornecer informações sobre a distribuição geográfica e caracterizar sua ocorrência na área do parque. O levantamento bibliográfico e de exsicatas foi feito através das principais monografias da família e pela visita aos principais herbários do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho de campo consistiu em expedições para coleta de exemplares no parque. As descrições e a análise dos dados foram feitas com auxílio de literatura especializada. Foram inventariados oito táxons no parque, um de Canistropsis e sete de Nidularium. O presente trabalho contribui com a taxonomia dos gêneros e conservação das espécies no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos is located between the cities of Teresópolis, Petrópolis, Guapimirim and Magé including from Low Montane Rainforest to High Altitude Fields. Bromeliaceae has about 3.503 species distributed in 59 genera. Canistropsis and Nidularium are endemic of Brazil and have their diversity center in the Atlantic Forest Domain. The goal of this study was to inventory and describe the taxa present in the park, fournishing informations and identification keys to genera and species, as long as information about the geographic distribution and occurrence along the park area. The bibliographic search was done through the principal family monographs, and by visiting the main Rio de Janeiro herbaria. The field work consisted of collecting expeditions in the National Park. The descriptions and analysis were done following current literature and online data. Eight taxa were inventoried, being one of Canistropsis and seven of Nidularium. This study contributes to the genera taxonomy and conservation of the species in the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos.

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          Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff

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            Phylogeny, adaptive radiation, and historical biogeography in Bromeliaceae: insights from an eight-locus plastid phylogeny.

            Bromeliaceae form a large, ecologically diverse family of angiosperms native to the New World. We use a bromeliad phylogeny based on eight plastid regions to analyze relationships within the family, test a new, eight-subfamily classification, infer the chronology of bromeliad evolution and invasion of different regions, and provide the basis for future analyses of trait evolution and rates of diversification. We employed maximum-parsimony, maximum-likelihood, and Bayesian approaches to analyze 9341 aligned bases for four outgroups and 90 bromeliad species representing 46 of 58 described genera. We calibrate the resulting phylogeny against time using penalized likelihood applied to a monocot-wide tree based on plastid ndhF sequences and use it to analyze patterns of geographic spread using parsimony, Bayesian inference, and the program S-DIVA. Bromeliad subfamilies are related to each other as follows: (Brocchinioideae, (Lindmanioideae, (Tillandsioideae, (Hechtioideae, (Navioideae, (Pitcairnioideae, (Puyoideae, Bromelioideae))))))). Bromeliads arose in the Guayana Shield ca. 100 million years ago (Ma), spread centrifugally in the New World beginning ca. 16-13 Ma, and dispersed to West Africa ca. 9.3 Ma. Modern lineages began to diverge from each other roughly 19 Ma. Nearly two-thirds of extant bromeliads belong to two large radiations: the core tillandsioids, originating in the Andes ca. 14.2 Ma, and the Brazilian Shield bromelioids, originating in the Serro do Mar and adjacent regions ca. 9.1 Ma.
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              Disentangling the effects of key innovations on the diversification of Bromelioideae (bromeliaceae).

              The evolution of key innovations, novel traits that promote diversification, is often seen as major driver for the unequal distribution of species richness within the tree of life. In this study, we aim to determine the factors underlying the extraordinary radiation of the subfamily Bromelioideae, one of the most diverse clades among the neotropical plant family Bromeliaceae. Based on an extended molecular phylogenetic data set, we examine the effect of two putative key innovations, that is, the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and the water-impounding tank, on speciation and extinction rates. To this aim, we develop a novel Bayesian implementation of the phylogenetic comparative method, binary state speciation and extinction, which enables hypotheses testing by Bayes factors and accommodates the uncertainty on model selection by Bayesian model averaging. Both CAM and tank habit were found to correlate with increased net diversification, thus fulfilling the criteria for key innovations. Our analyses further revealed that CAM photosynthesis is correlated with a twofold increase in speciation rate, whereas the evolution of the tank had primarily an effect on extinction rates that were found five times lower in tank-forming lineages compared to tank-less clades. These differences are discussed in the light of biogeography, ecology, and past climate change.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rod
                Rodriguésia
                Rodriguésia
                Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0370-6583
                2175-7860
                March 2017
                : 68
                : 1
                : 233-244
                Affiliations
                [2] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [1] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S2175-78602017000100233
                10.1590/2175-7860201768128
                0f50972d-33c5-4be7-bbd1-f160220bbf28

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 May 2016
                : 28 October 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                biodiversity,conservation,floristics,Atlantic Forest,taxonomy,biodiversidade,conservação,florística,Mata Atlântica,taxonomia

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