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      Trabalho em equipa em Portugal: Uma década de progresso. Translated title: Teamwork in Portugal: A decade of progress.

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          Abstract

          Na última década em Portugal assistimos à explosão do número de estudos acerca dos fatores psicológicos e contextuais que antecedem a eficácia das equipas em ambientes de trabalho complexos e extremos. Esta investigação tem-se centrado em torno dos aspetos comportamentais (e.g. coordenação, liderança), cognitivos (e.g. modelos mentais partilhados, sistemas de memória transitiva) e afetivos (e.g. coesão, teamwork engagement) que nos ajudam a explicar por que razão algumas equipas têm um desempenho melhor, estão mais satisfeitas com o seu trabalho e acreditam que são mais viáveis (mesmo as que trabalham em condições adversas). Ao longo deste artigo, fazemos não só uma revisão da investigação feita sobre o tema do trabalho em equipa nos últimos dez anos em Portugal, como estabelecemos pontes com outros trabalhos internacionais e apresentamos algumas sugestões para o futuro da investigação desta área na próxima década.

          Translated abstract

          In the last decade in Portugal, we have witnessed the explosion of the number of studies about the antecedents of the effectiveness of work teams in complex and extreme work environments. Research has focused on behavioral (e.g. coordination, leadership), cognitive (e.g. shared mental models, transactive memory systems) and affective (e.g. team work engagement) factors that help us explaining why some teams perform better, are more satisfied with their work, and believe that they are more viable (even the ones that work in adverse conditions). Throughout this article, we review team studies conducted in Portugal over the last ten years, we establish bridges with other international contributions, and present suggestions for the future of teamwork research in the next decade.

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          Most cited references102

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          Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams

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            Teams in organizations: from input-process-output models to IMOI models.

            This review examines research and theory relevant to work groups and teams typically embedded in organizations and existing over time, although many studies reviewed were conducted in other settings, including the laboratory. Research was organized around a two-dimensional system based on time and the nature of explanatory mechanisms that mediated between team inputs and outcomes. These mechanisms were affective, behavioral, cognitive, or some combination of the three. Recent theoretical and methodological work is discussed that has advanced our understanding of teams as complex, multilevel systems that function over time, tasks, and contexts. The state of both the empirical and theoretical work is compared as to its impact on present knowledge and future directions.
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              Enhancing the Effectiveness of Work Groups and Teams.

              Teams of people working together for a common purpose have been a centerpiece of human social organization ever since our ancient ancestors first banded together to hunt game, raise families, and defend their communities. Human history is largely a story of people working together in groups to explore, achieve, and conquer. Yet, the modern concept of work in large organizations that developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries is largely a tale of work as a collection of individual jobs. A variety of global forces unfolding over the last two decades, however, has pushed organizations worldwide to restructure work around teams, to enable more rapid, flexible, and adaptive responses to the unexpected. This shift in the structure of work has made team effectiveness a salient organizational concern. Teams touch our lives everyday and their effectiveness is important to well-being across a wide range of societal functions. There is over 50 years of psychological research-literally thousands of studies-focused on understanding and influencing the processes that underlie team effectiveness. Our goal in this monograph is to sift through this voluminous literature to identify what we know, what we think we know, and what we need to know to improve the effectiveness of work groups and teams. We begin by defining team effectiveness and establishing the conceptual underpinnings of our approach to understanding it. We then turn to our review, which concentrates primarily on topics that have well-developed theoretical and empirical foundations, to ensure that our conclusions and recommendations are on firm footing. Our review begins by focusing on cognitive, motivational/affective, and behavioral team processes-processes that enable team members to combine their resources to resolve task demands and, in so doing, be effective. We then turn our attention to identifying interventions, or "levers," that can shape or align team processes and thereby provide tools and applications that can improve team effectiveness. Topic-specific conclusions and recommendations are given throughout the review. There is a solid foundation for concluding that there is an emerging science of team effectiveness and that findings from this research foundation provide several means to improve team effectiveness. In the concluding section, we summarize our primary findings to highlight specific research, application, and policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of work groups and teams.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                psi
                Psicologia
                Psicologia
                Associação Portuguesa de Psicologia (APP); Edições Colibri (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                0874-2049
                August 2020
                : 34
                : 1
                : 24-42
                Affiliations
                [07] orgnameMaastricht University orgdiv1School of Business & Economics orgdiv2Organization, Strategy and Entrepreneurship
                [04] orgnameUniversidade de Lisboa orgdiv1Faculdade de Psicologia orgdiv2CICPSI
                [02] orgnameUniversité de Lorraine orgdiv1William James Center for Research orgdiv2ICN Business School
                [05] orgnameThe University of Reading orgdiv1Henley Business School orgdiv2Henley Centre for Leadership
                [06] orgnameInstituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) orgdiv1Business Research
                [01] orgnameISPA-Instituto Universitário orgdiv1William James Center for Research
                [03] orgnameInstituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) orgdiv1Departamento de Recursos Humanos e Comportamento Organizacional
                Article
                S0874-20492020000100003 S0874-2049(20)03400100003
                10.17575/psicologia.v34i1.1468
                0f61d81d-4708-457f-9498-0776d9978c46

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : March 2019
                : July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 104, Pages: 19
                Product

                SciELO Portugal


                emergent states,liderança de equipas,Trabalho em equipa,team processes,team leadership,processos de equipa,Teamwork,estados emergentes

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