Silver nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles for low-haze flexible transparent conductive films

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Abstract

Silver nanowires have attracted much attention for use in flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs) due to their low sheet resistance and flexibility. However, the haze was too high for replacing indium-tin-oxide in high-quality display devices. Herein, we report flexible TCFs, which were prepared using a scalable bar-coating method, with a low sheet resistance (24.1 Ω/sq at 96.4% transmittance) and a haze (1.04%) that is comparable to that of indium-tin-oxide TCFs. To decrease the haze and maintain a low sheet resistance, small diameter silver nanowires (~20 nm) were functionalized with low-temperature surface-sintering silver nanoparticles (~5 nm) using bifunctional cysteamine. The silver nanowire-nanoparticle ink stability was excellent. The sheet resistance of the TCFs was decreased by 29.5% (from 34.2 to 24.1 Ω/sq) due to the functionalization at a low curing temperature of 85 °C. The TCFs were highly flexible and maintained their stability for more than 2 months and 10,000 bending cycles after coating with a protective layer.

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Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes.

Sukang Bae, Hyeongkeun Kim, Youngbin Lee … (2010)

The outstanding electrical, mechanical and chemical properties of graphene make it attractive for applications in flexible electronics. However, efforts to make transparent conducting films from graphene have been hampered by the lack of efficient methods for the synthesis, transfer and doping of graphene at the scale and quality required for applications. Here, we report the roll-to-roll production and wet-chemical doping of predominantly monolayer 30-inch graphene films grown by chemical vapour deposition onto flexible copper substrates. The films have sheet resistances as low as approximately 125 ohms square(-1) with 97.4% optical transmittance, and exhibit the half-integer quantum Hall effect, indicating their high quality. We further use layer-by-layer stacking to fabricate a doped four-layer film and measure its sheet resistance at values as low as approximately 30 ohms square(-1) at approximately 90% transparency, which is superior to commercial transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxides. Graphene electrodes were incorporated into a fully functional touch-screen panel device capable of withstanding high strain.

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Scalable coating and properties of transparent, flexible, silver nanowire electrodes.

Liangbing Hu, Han Kim, Jung-Yong Lee … (2010)

We report a comprehensive study of transparent and conductive silver nanowire (Ag NW) electrodes, including a scalable fabrication process, morphologies, and optical, mechanical adhesion, and flexibility properties, and various routes to improve the performance. We utilized a synthesis specifically designed for long and thin wires for improved performance in terms of sheet resistance and optical transmittance. Twenty Omega/sq and approximately 80% specular transmittance, and 8 ohms/sq and 80% diffusive transmittance in the visible range are achieved, which fall in the same range as the best indium tin oxide (ITO) samples on plastic substrates for flexible electronics and solar cells. The Ag NW electrodes show optical transparencies superior to ITO for near-infrared wavelengths (2-fold higher transmission). Owing to light scattering effects, the Ag NW network has the largest difference between diffusive transmittance and specular transmittance when compared with ITO and carbon nanotube electrodes, a property which could greatly enhance solar cell performance. A mechanical study shows that Ag NW electrodes on flexible substrates show excellent robustness when subjected to bending. We also study the electrical conductance of Ag nanowires and their junctions and report a facile electrochemical method for a Au coating to reduce the wire-to-wire junction resistance for better overall film conductance. Simple mechanical pressing was also found to increase the NW film conductance due to the reduction of junction resistance. The overall properties of transparent Ag NW electrodes meet the requirements of transparent electrodes for many applications and could be an immediate ITO replacement for flexible electronics and solar cells.

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Solution-processed metal nanowire mesh transparent electrodes.

Jung-Yong Lee, Stephen Connor, Yi Cui … (2008)

Transparent conductive electrodes are important components of thin-film solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and many display technologies. Doped metal oxides are commonly used, but their optical transparency is limited for films with a low sheet resistance. Furthermore, they are prone to cracking when deposited on flexible substrates, are costly, and require a high-temperature step for the best performance. We demonstrate solution-processed transparent electrodes consisting of random meshes of metal nanowires that exhibit an optical transparency equivalent to or better than that of metal-oxide thin films for the same sheet resistance. Organic solar cells deposited on these electrodes show a performance equivalent to that of devices based on a conventional metal-oxide transparent electrode.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep

Title: Scientific Reports

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group

ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322

Publication date (Electronic): 17 November 2015

Publication date Collection: 2015

Volume: 5

Electronic Location Identifier: 16371

Affiliations

[1 ]School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea

[2 ]Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea

[3 ]Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics , Suwon 443-803, Republic of Korea

[4 ]School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea

[5 ]Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea

Author notes

[a ] jy.choi@ 123456skku.edu

[b ] sbaik@ 123456me.skku.ac.kr

[*]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Article

Publisher Item ID: srep16371

DOI: 10.1038/srep16371

PMC ID: 4648094

PubMed ID: 26575970

SO-VID: 0f93004d-43cd-4619-9433-dec6adeb2251

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Silver nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles for low-haze flexible transparent conductive films

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Most cited references 18

Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes.

Scalable coating and properties of transparent, flexible, silver nanowire electrodes.

Solution-processed metal nanowire mesh transparent electrodes.

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