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      Honest Signals of Status: Facial and Bodily Dominance Are Related to Success in Physical but Not Nonphysical Competition

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          Abstract

          Recent studies suggest that both facial and bodily dominance promote high status positions and predict status-seeking behaviors such as aggression and social dominance. An evolutionarily relevant context in which associations between these dominance signals and status outcomes may be prevalent are face-to-face status contests. The present study examined whether facial and bodily dominance predicted success in dyadic competitions (one physical discipline, arm wrestling, and three nonphysical disciplines) in men ( N = 125) in a controlled laboratory setting. Men’s bodies and faces were independently rated for physical dominance, and associations of these ratings with contest outcomes as well as mediating and moderating variables (such as physical strength, body height, trait dominance, baseline and reactive testosterone) were examined. Both facial and bodily dominance positively predicted success in the physical discipline, mediated by physical strength, but not in the three nonphysical disciplines. Our findings demonstrate that facial and bodily physical dominance may be honest signals for men’s formidability and hence status potential, at least in a physically competitive context.

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              Ecological and evolutionary traps

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Evol Psychol
                Evol Psychol
                EVP
                spevp
                Evolutionary Psychology
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                1474-7049
                25 July 2019
                Jul-Sep 2019
                : 17
                : 3
                : 1474704919863164
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Psychology and Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
                [2 ]Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
                [3 ]Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
                Author notes
                [*]Tobias L. Kordsmeyer, Department of Psychology and Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, University of Goettingen, Gosslerstrasse 14, 37073 Goettingen, Germany. Email: tob.kor@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-9176
                Article
                10.1177_1474704919863164
                10.1177/1474704919863164
                10358418
                31345060
                1050cfe1-4d93-460f-bb87-1879ad1d9472
                © The Author(s) 2019

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                : 17 March 2019
                : 13 June 2019
                Categories
                Original Article
                Custom metadata
                July-September 2019

                facial dominance,bodily dominance,social status,male competition,testosterone (t)

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