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      HISTOPATOLOGIA DA INTERAÇÃO DE BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS E EXTRATOS VEGETAIS NO INTESTINO MÉDIO DE SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) Translated title: HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE INTERACTION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AND PLANT EXTRACTS IN THE MIDGUT OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Plantas são fontes naturais de substâncias inseticidas, já que podem ser produzidas pelo vegetal em resposta a ataques de insetos podendo representar uma alternativa no manejo de insetos-praga, como Spodoptera frugiperda. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou a análise histopatológica do intestino médio de lagartas de S. frugiperda, após a ingestão dos extratos obtidos por maceração e infusão de Petiveria alliacea. Zingiber officinale. Cymbopogon citratus. Malva silvestris. Baccharis genistelloides e Ruta graveolens, assim como a associação desses extratos com Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai. As lagartas foram tratadas in vivo com cada extrato e a bactéria, mais a associação desses extratos com B. thuringiensis e após, uma reação de cinética entre 3 e 27 horas, foram fixadas para o preparo de cortes histológicos, os quais foram corados e analisados comparativamente às testemunhas em microscopia óptica. Os resultados mostraram mudanças na histologia do intestino médio das lagartas de S. frugiperda, 3 horas após a aplicação dos tratamentos à base de alliacea. Z. officinale. C. citratus e M. silvestris, enquanto que para B. genistelloides e R. graveolens só foram observados alterações após 6h. Na interação dos extratos com B. thuringiensis observou-se alterações nas microvilosidades, desorganização do intestino médio e a hipertrofia das células epiteliais que projetaram-se para o lúmen. Os resultados desse trabalho mostram que o efeito histopatológico de Z. officinale. M. silvestris. R. graveolens e B. genistelloides, foram mais ativos quando comparados aos extratos de P. alliacea e C. citratus, os quais apresentaram uma interação positiva com B. thuringiensis.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The natural insecticidal substances produced by plants in response to insect attack may represent an alternative for the management of pest insects such as Spodoptera frugiperda. This study was therefore aimed to histopathologically analyze the midgut of larvae of S. frugiperda, after ingestion of extracts obtained by maceration and infusion of Petiveria alliacea. Zingiber officinale. Cymbopogon citratus. Malva silvestris. Baccharis genistelloides and Ruta graveolens, and the association of these extracts with Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai. The larvae were treated in vivo with each extract, B. thuringiensis, and the combination of these extracts with the bacteria, and after a reaction kinetics of between 3 to 27 hours they were fixed for the preparation of histological sections, which were stained and analyzed in comparison to the controls with light microscopy. The results showed changes in the histology of the midgut of the larvae of S. frugiperda, 3 hours after application of treatments based on P. alliacea. Z. officinale. C. citratus and M. silvestris, while for B. genistelloides and R. graveolens changes were observed only after 6h. In the interaction of extracts with B. thuringiensis the analysis revealed changes in microvilli, disorganization of the midgut and hypertrophy of epithelial cells that projected into the lumen. The findings show that the histopathological effects of Z. officinale. M. silvestris. R. graveolens and B. genistelloides were more active when compared to extracts of P. alliacea and C. citratus, which showed a positive interaction with B. thuringiensis.

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          Most cited references15

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          Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Pesticidal Crystal Proteins

          During the past decade the pesticidal bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis has been the subject of intensive research. These efforts have yielded considerable data about the complex relationships between the structure, mechanism of action, and genetics of the organism’s pesticidal crystal proteins, and a coherent picture of these relationships is beginning to emerge. Other studies have focused on the ecological role of the B. thuringiensis crystal proteins, their performance in agricultural and other natural settings, and the evolution of resistance mechanisms in target pests. Armed with this knowledge base and with the tools of modern biotechnology, researchers are now reporting promising results in engineering more-useful toxins and formulations, in creating transgenic plants that express pesticidal activity, and in constructing integrated management strategies to insure that these products are utilized with maximum efficiency and benefit.
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            The mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins.

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              Plant-insect interactions: an evolutionary arms race between two distinct defense mechanisms

              In this review, plant-insect interaction is discussed as a dynamic system, subjected to continual variation and change. Plants developed different mechanisms to reduce insect attack, including specific responses that activate different metabolic pathways which considerably alter their chemical and physical aspects. On the other hand, insects developed several strategies to overcome plant defense barriers, allowing them to feed, grow and reproduce on their host plants. This review foccuses on several aspects of this complex interaction between plants and insects, including chemical-derived substances, protein-derived molecules and volatile compounds of plants whereas metabolization, sequestration or avoidance are in turn employed by the insects.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                aib
                Arquivos do Instituto Biológico
                Arq. Inst. Biol.
                Instituto Biológico (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0020-3653
                1808-1657
                March 2010
                : 77
                : 1
                : 83-89
                Affiliations
                [01] São Leopoldo Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos Brazil
                [02] Cachoeirinha RS orgnameInstituto Riograndense do Arroz Brasil
                Article
                S1808-16572010000100083 S1808-1657(10)07700100083
                10.1590/1808-1657v77p0832010
                105b263e-c3e4-43f2-b5a2-ba465e8b9d2d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 January 2009
                : 16 November 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Científico

                biological control,plantas inseticidas,insecticidal plants,Bacillus thuringiensis,midgut,Lepidoptera,controle biológico,intestino médio

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