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      Diversity, morphological variability, and distribution of tulostomataceous fungi (Agaricomycetes) in Sonora, Mexico Translated title: Diversidad, variabilidad morfológica y distribución de hongos tulostomatáceos (Agaricomycetes) en Sonora, México

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          Abstract

          Abstract Recent mycological studies in Sonora, Mexico have mainly focused on tulostomataceous fungi, a group of gasteroid Agaricomycetes with a spore-sac containing pulverulent gleba and a well-defined, hollow stipe. The aim of the present study was to analyze the diversity, morphological variability, and distribution of tulostomateceous fungi, through examining the specimens deposited in the Sonora State University herbarium over 29 years of sampling. Based on 1,266 basidiomes in 621 collections from 75 locations, 23 municipalities, and 16 vegetation types, a total of 7 genera and 37 species were identified. All genera are monospecific in Sonora except Tulostoma, with 31 defined species. Several collections remain undetermined since their morphological traits are intermediate or do not match described species. The distribution of tulostomataceous fungi was related to altitude, precipitation, and climate. Further molecular analysis of undetermined specimens must be performed in order to define the real number of species in this fungal group and to understand the boundaries among closely related genera and species.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Los estudios micológicos recientes en Sonora, México, se han enfocado principalmente en hongos tulostomatáceos, un grupo de Agaricomycetes gasteroides con basidiomas compuestos por un saco esporífero con gleba pulverulenta y un estípite hueco bien definido. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la diversidad, variabilidad morfológica y distribución de hongos tulostomatáceos, con los especímenes depositados en el herbario de la Universidad Estatal de Sonora por 29 años. Con base en 1,266 basidiomas de 621 recolecciones provenientes de 75 localidades, 23 municipios y 16 tipos de vegetación, se determinaron 7 géneros y 37 especies. Todos los géneros son monoespecíficos en Sonora, excepto Tulostoma con 31 especies definidas. Varias recolecciones permanecen indeterminadas por sus características morfológicas intermedias o no coindicen con las especies descritas. La distribución de los hongos tulostomatáceos se relacionó con altitud, precipitación y clima. Deberán realizarse análisis moleculares de los especímenes indeterminados para definir el número real de taxones y entender los límites entre géneros y especies afines.

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          Hierarchical Grouping to Optimize an Objective Function

          Joe Ward (1963)
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            Genera in the family Agaricaceae: evidence from nrITS and nrLSU sequences.

            The circumscription of the family Agaricaceae, its genera and their characters are investigated. Analyses of the ITS and LSU sequence data, separately and in combination result in exclusions and reorganization. Notholepiota areolata, a secotioid species from New Zealand, Cystoagaricus with brown, irregular-knobby spores, and Leucopholiota with gelatinized hymenophoral trama and amyloid spores, fall outside the family Agaricaceae. In the reorganization, long accepted tribe and genus definitions are amended, viz.: (1) Macrolepiota and Chlorophyllum separately are monophyletic, but not together; (2) Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus together form one large monophyletic clade, that also includes polyphyletic Sericeomyces; (3) Lepiota, Cystolepiota and Melanophyllum together form a monophyletic clade; (4) Secotiation has happened within several clades (e.g. Agaricus and Chlorophyllum), though not in the Leucoagaricus/Leucocoprinus clade, nor in the lineage of Macrolepiota proper; gasteroid and most secotioid species in the course of adaptation acquire coloured spores; and (5) the monovelangiocarpic Chamaemyces fracidus appears to be basal to the family and provides clues to the morphology of the ancestral Agaricaceae. Trama and developmental characters characterize the different clades, whereas spore characters play a minor role.
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              vegan: Community Ecology Package

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmbiodiv
                Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
                Rev. Mex. Biodiv.
                Instituto de Biología (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-3453
                2007-8706
                2020
                : 91
                : e913246
                Affiliations
                [1] Hermosillo orgnameCentro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. Mexico
                [4] Mérida Yucatán orgnameCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. Mexico
                [2] Hermosillo Sonora orgnameUniversidad Estatal de Sonora Mexico
                [3] Hermosillo orgnameUniversidad de Sonora Mexico
                Article
                S1870-34532020000100625 S1870-3453(20)09100000625
                10.22201/ib.20078706e.2020.91.3246
                107d231c-9269-4035-95cf-782eb7d73084

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 October 2019
                : 28 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Taxonomy and systematics

                Basidiomycota,Gasteroid fungi,Chorology,Hongos gasteroides,Diversity,Corología,Diversidad

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