For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
28
views
118
references
 Top references
cited by
65
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      206
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Thirty Years of Cancer Nanomedicine: Success, Frustration, and Hope

      review-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Starting with the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect discovery, nanomedicine has gained a crucial role in cancer treatment. The advances in the field have led to the approval of nanodrugs with improved safety profile and still inspire the ongoing investigations. However, several restrictions, such as high manufacturing costs, technical challenges, and effectiveness below expectations, raised skeptical opinions within the scientific community about the clinical relevance of nanomedicine. In this review, we aim to give an overall vision of the current hurdles encountered by nanotherapeutics along with their design, development, and translation, and we offer a prospective view on possible strategies to overcome such limitations.

          Related collections

          Most cited references118

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Analysis of nanoparticle delivery to tumours

          Stefan Wilhelm, Anthony Tavares, Huan-Qin Dai … (2016)
          Article 0 comments Cited 1288 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent smancs.

            Y Matsumura, H. Maeda (1986)
            We previously found that a polymer conjugated to the anticancer protein neocarzinostatin, named smancs, accumulated more in tumor tissues than did neocarzinostatin. To determine the general mechanism of this tumoritropic accumulation of smancs and other proteins, we used radioactive (51Cr-labeled) proteins of various molecular sizes (Mr 12,000 to 160,000) and other properties. In addition, we used dye-complexed serum albumin to visualize the accumulation in tumors of tumor-bearing mice. Many proteins progressively accumulated in the tumor tissues of these mice, and a ratio of the protein concentration in the tumor to that in the blood of 5 was obtained within 19 to 72 h. A large protein like immunoglobulin G required a longer time to reach this value of 5. The protein concentration ratio in the tumor to that in the blood of neither 1 nor 5 was achieved with neocarzinostatin, a representative of a small protein (Mr 12,000) in all time. We speculate that the tumoritropic accumulation of these proteins resulted because of the hypervasculature, an enhanced permeability to even macromolecules, and little recovery through either blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. This accumulation of macromolecules in the tumor was also found after i.v. injection of an albumin-dye complex (Mr 69,000), as well as after injection into normal and tumor tissues. The complex was retained only by tumor tissue for prolonged periods. There was little lymphatic recovery of macromolecules from tumor tissue. The present finding is of potential value in macromolecular tumor therapeutics and diagnosis.
            Article 0 comments Cited 1009 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Progress and challenges towards targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics

              Daniel Rosenblum, Nitin Joshi, Wei Tao … (2018)
              Targeted delivery approaches for cancer therapeutics have shown a steep rise over the past few decades. However, compared to the plethora of successful pre-clinical studies, only 15 passively targeted nanocarriers (NCs) have been approved for clinical use and none of the actively targeted NCs have advanced past clinical trials. Herein, we review the principles behind targeted delivery approaches to determine potential reasons for their limited clinical translation and success. We propose criteria and considerations that must be taken into account for the development of novel actively targeted NCs. We also highlight the possible directions for the development of successful tumor targeting strategies.
              Article 0 comments Cited 601 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cancers (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cancers (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): cancers
                Title: Cancers
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2072-6694
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 November 2019
                Publication date Collection: December 2019
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1855
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biotecnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; lucia.salvioni@ 123456unimib.it (L.S.); maria.rizzuto@ 123456unimib.it (M.A.R.); jessica.bertolini@ 123456unimib.it (J.A.B.); miriam.colombo@ 123456unimib.it (M.C.)
                [2 ]Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; l.pandolfi@ 123456smatteo.pv.it
                [3 ]Nanomedicine Laboratory, ICS Maugeri, via S. Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
                Author notes
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally to this paper.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-9575
                Article
                Publisher ID: cancers-11-01855
                DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121855
                PMC ID: 6966668
                PubMed ID: 31769416
                SO-VID: 11059bc4-f672-4af7-8a68-572f30276195
                Copyright © © 2019 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 31 October 2019
                Date accepted : 22 November 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: cancer nanomedicine,epr effect,tumor microenvironment,nanoparticles,nano–bio interactions,clinical translation
                Data availability:
                Keywords: cancer nanomedicine, epr effect, tumor microenvironment, nanoparticles, nano–bio interactions, clinical translation

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content206

                See all similar

                Cited by63

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors4,819

                See all reference authors