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      Up-regulation of lysosomal cathepsin L and autophagy during neuronal death induced by reduced serum and potassium.

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          Abstract

          Serum and potassium deprivation-induced neuronal death on the primary culture of rat cerebellar granule neurons is being widely used as an in vitro model of neurodegeneration and neuronal apoptosis. In our experiments, serum and potassium deprivation for 12 h induced neuronal death in approximately 20% of cerebellar granule neurons as demonstrated by Trypan Blue assay. Neuronal death was accompanied by a transient increase in the intralysosomal cathepsin L activity, which preceded neuronal death. During this time, the lysosomal membrane integrity remained preserved and no leakage of cathepsin L into the cytosol was seen. Ultrastructural analysis revealed the appearance of multiple vacuoles and autophagosomes in the cytoplasmatic compartment of serum- and potassium-deprived granule neurons. Addition of selective cathepsin L inhibitors or of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine provided partial protection against serum and potassium deprivation-induced death. Our data also show that combining cathepsin L inhibitors and caspase-3 inhibitors leads to a synergistic neuroprotective effect against serum and potassium deprivation. The results of the current study suggest that activation of the autophagosomal--lysosomal compartment plays an important role in neuronal death induced by serum and potassium deprivation in cultured cerebellar granule cells.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Eur. J. Neurosci.
          The European journal of neuroscience
          Wiley-Blackwell
          0953-816X
          0953-816X
          Sep 2005
          : 22
          : 5
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Excellence for Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 51014 Tartu, Estonia.
          Article
          EJN4279
          10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04279.x
          16176344
          11182cb5-d579-43fe-ba78-b7f18b1705eb
          History

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