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      Towards a Treatment for Intolerance of Uncertainty in Young People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Development of the Coping with Uncertainty in Everyday Situations (CUES©) Programme

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          Abstract

          Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is indicated as an important transdiagnostic process variable in a range of anxiety disorders. Anxiety is very common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study aimed to develop a parent group based manualised treatment programme for young people with ASD, which focused on IU. An eight session programme was developed and then delivered to 11 parents across three treatment groups, two recruited via a research data base and one via clinical services. Data regarding retention, acceptability and feasibility indicate that the parents valued the programme. Effect size analyses of outcome measures for potential use in larger trial indicate that the programme has promise as a treatment option of your people with ASD and IU.

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          The intolerance of uncertainty construct in the context of anxiety disorders: theoretical and practical perspectives.

          Modern anxiety disorder models implicitly include intolerance of uncertainty (IU) as a critical component for the development and maintenance of these pervasive social and economic concerns. IU represents, at its core, fear of the unknown - a long-recognized, deep-seated fear identified in normative and pathological samples. Indeed, the intrinsic nature of IU can be argued as evolutionarily supported, a notion buttressed by initial biophysiological evidence from uncertainty-related research. Originally thought to be specific to generalized anxiety disorder, recent research has clearly demonstrated that IU is a broad transdiagnostic dispositional risk factor for the development and maintenance of clinically significant anxiety. The available evidence suggests that theorists, researchers and clinicians may benefit from explicitly incorporating IU into models, research designs, case conceptualizations and as a treatment target.
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            Treating anxiety disorders in children with high functioning autism spectrum disorders: a controlled trial.

            A family-based, cognitive behavioural treatment for anxiety in 47 children with comorbid anxiety disorders and High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HFA) was evaluated. Treatment involved 12 weekly group sessions and was compared with a waiting list condition. Changes between pre- and post-treatment were examined using clinical interviews as well as child-, parent- and teacher-report measures. Following treatment, 71.4% of the treated participants no longer fulfilled diagnostic criteria for an anxiety disorder. Comparisons between the two conditions indicated significant reductions in anxiety symptoms as measured by self-report, parent report and teacher report. Discussion focuses on the implications for the use of cognitive behaviour therapy with HFA children, for theory of mind research and for further research on the treatment components.
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              Traditional and atypical presentations of anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorder.

              We assessed anxiety consistent (i.e., "traditional") and inconsistent (i.e., "atypical") with diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM) definitions in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Differential relationships between traditional anxiety, atypical anxiety, child characteristics, anxiety predictors and ASD-symptomology were explored. Fifty-nine participants (7-17 years, M(age) = 10.48 years; IQ > 60) with ASD and parents completed semi-structured interviews, self- and parent-reports. Seventeen percent of youth presented with traditional anxiety, 15 % with atypical anxiety, and 31 % with both. Language ability, anxious cognitions and hypersensitivity predicted traditional anxiety, whereas traditional anxiety and ASD symptoms predicted atypical anxiety. Findings suggest youth with ASD express anxiety in ways similar and dissimilar to DSM definitions. Similarities support the presence of comorbid anxiety disorders in ASD. Whether dissimilarities are unique to ASD requires further examination.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                +44 191 208 7562 , Jacqui.rodgers@ncl.ac.uk
                Journal
                J Autism Dev Disord
                J Autism Dev Disord
                Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
                Springer US (New York )
                0162-3257
                1573-3432
                28 October 2016
                28 October 2016
                2017
                : 47
                : 12
                : 3959-3966
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0462 7212, GRID grid.1006.7, Clinical Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, , Newcastle University, ; Ridley Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0462 7212, GRID grid.1006.7, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, , Newcastle University, ; Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
                [3 ]GRID grid.451089.1, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, ; Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
                [4 ]Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust, North Shields, UK
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-316X
                Article
                2924
                10.1007/s10803-016-2924-0
                5676830
                27796728
                113cb286-5df2-40b6-83e6-dc5279ae7fbc
                © The Author(s) 2016

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                Funding
                Funded by: The Children’s Foundation
                Categories
                S.I. : Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorders
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017

                Neurology
                anxiety,intolerance of uncertainty,parent group,intervention
                Neurology
                anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, parent group, intervention

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