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      Galactosemia como causa de ictericia neonatal Translated title: Neonatal jaundice caused by galactosemia

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          Abstract

          La ictericia es un problema muy frecuente en las unidades de recién nacidos. En este documento se presenta el caso de un neonato que cursó con hiperbilirrubinemia, inicialmente con predominio de la bilirrubina indirecta y posteriormente con anemia, hepatomegalia, aumento de la bilirrubina directa, alteración de la función hepática, disfunción tubular renal, cataratas y lesiones en la sustancia blanca del SNC. Se descartaron diversas causas de hiperbilirrubinemia directa en el neonato. Se encontró positiva una prueba de azúcares reductores en orina que resultó ser galactosa en la cromatografía en capa fina. Se documentó marcada reducción de la actividad enzimática de galactosa uridil transferasa, con lo cual se confirmó el diagnóstico de galactosemia. Se suspendió la alimentación con leche materna, se inició leche de soya con resolución del cuadro clínico.

          Translated abstract

          Jaundice is a commonly occurring problem in hospitals' neonatal units. This report describes a newborn with hypefbilirrubinaemia; the clinical picture was initially dominated by the unconjugated bilirubin fraction and later by anaemia, hepatomegaly, increased conjugated bilirubin fraction, impaired liver function, renal tubular dysfunction, cataracts and injury to CNS white matter. Various causes of direct hyperbilirrubinaemia in the newborn were ruled out. Thin-layer chromatography revealed urine-reducing substances (i.e. galactose). A marked reduction in galactose uridyl transferaseactivity was documented, thereby confirming a diagnosis of galactosaemia. Breastfeedingwas discontinued and soy milk started which led to the symptoms becoming resolved.

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          Most cited references35

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          Early diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders towards improving outcome: the controversial issue of galactosaemia.

          Galactosaemia due to galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency is a rare disease (1:40,000). Nationwide newborn screening for galactosaemia is performed in many countries; however, several countries do not screen for galactosaemia due to early manifestation of clinical symptoms and low incidence of the disease. In a German retrospective study, 148 galactosaemic patients born between 1955 and 1995, were evaluated. At least in Germany, newborn screening for galactosaemia, performed at day 5, was able to reduce or prevent the acute morbidity and mortality of the disease. The results should be even better if newborn screening takes place at day 3 using combined substrate screening and enzymatic testing for galactose-1-phosphate-uridyltransferase deficiency. Newborn screening for classical galactosaemia does not change the long-term complications of the disease such as speech disorders, mental retardation, ataxia and in females hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.
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            The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease

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              Galactosemia with chorea--an unusual presentation.

              Galactosemia, an inborn neurometabolic disorder, results from an aberrant galactose metabolism due to the deficiency of serum galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase activity. It manifests in the central nervous system in the form of hypotonia, seizures, mental retardation, tremor, ataxia, and progressive cerebellar as well as extrapyramidal features. To the best of our knowledge, chorea due to galactosemia has not been reported in infancy.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rfmun
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
                rev.fac.med.
                Universidad Naciona de colombia (Bogotá )
                0120-0011
                April 2014
                : 62
                : 2
                : 287-292
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [2 ] Hospital La Victoria Colombia
                [3 ] Hospital La Victoria Colombia
                Article
                S0120-00112014000200015
                10.15446/revfacmed.v62n2.45420
                117d240e-5bbd-41fa-b542-d48ba16dbf90

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-0011&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                Jaundice,Infant,Newborn,Cataract,Galactosemias,Ictericia,Recién Nacido,Catarata
                Internal medicine
                Jaundice, Infant, Newborn, Cataract, Galactosemias, Ictericia, Recién Nacido, Catarata

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