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      Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on all aspects of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. Sign up for email alerts here.

      63,741 Monthly downloads/views I 2.989 Impact Factor I 4.5 CiteScore I 1.09 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) I 0.744 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional connectivity density mapping in patients with corneal ulcer

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          To investigate alternations in spontaneous brain activities reflected by functional connectivity density (FCD) in patients with corneal ulcer (CU) using resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC).

          Methods

          We recruited 24 patients with CU (12 males, 12 females), and 24 healthy controls (HCs; 12 males, 12 females) matched for age, gender and education status. Functional magnetic resonance imaging examinations were performed on all subjects in a resting state and the following parameters determined: rsFC, long-range FCD (longFCD) and short-range FCD (IFCD). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then used to differentiate patients with CU from HCs.

          Results

          Compared with HCs, CU patients showed significantly reduced rsFC values in the right cerebellum posterior lobe gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus/inferior frontal gyrus/superior frontal gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule/precuneus. Significantly reduced longFCD values were found in the right hippocampus/inferior temporal gyrus and the left inferior temporal gyrus. Moreover, compared with HCs, IFCD values were significantly reduced in the left inferior temporal gyrus/middle temporal gyrus, left limbic lobe/medial frontal gyrus, and left precuneus/limbic lobe, but were significantly increased in the right insula/superior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus/inferior frontal gyrus/insula, right superior temporal gyrus/postcentral gyrus, and left precentral gyrus.

          Conclusions

          Patients with CU exhibited alterations in spontaneous brain activities in several brain areas. These novel findings may help to reveal the neuropathological mechanisms underlying CU.

          This study provides a direction for further exploration of underlying neural mechanisms of CU and facilitate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CU.

          Most cited references46

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          An improved framework for confound regression and filtering for control of motion artifact in the preprocessing of resting-state functional connectivity data.

          Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Mark A. Elliott, Raphael Gerraty … (2013)
          Several recent reports in large, independent samples have demonstrated the influence of motion artifact on resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rsfc-MRI). Standard rsfc-MRI preprocessing typically includes regression of confounding signals and band-pass filtering. However, substantial heterogeneity exists in how these techniques are implemented across studies, and no prior study has examined the effect of differing approaches for the control of motion-induced artifacts. To better understand how in-scanner head motion affects rsfc-MRI data, we describe the spatial, temporal, and spectral characteristics of motion artifacts in a sample of 348 adolescents. Analyses utilize a novel approach for describing head motion on a voxelwise basis. Next, we systematically evaluate the efficacy of a range of confound regression and filtering techniques for the control of motion-induced artifacts. Results reveal that the effectiveness of preprocessing procedures on the control of motion is heterogeneous, and that improved preprocessing provides a substantial benefit beyond typical procedures. These results demonstrate that the effect of motion on rsfc-MRI can be substantially attenuated through improved preprocessing procedures, but not completely removed. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            An Interoceptive Predictive Coding Model of Conscious Presence

            Anil K. Seth, Keisuke Suzuki, Hugo D. Critchley (2012)
            We describe a theoretical model of the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying conscious presence and its disturbances. The model is based on interoceptive prediction error and is informed by predictive models of agency, general models of hierarchical predictive coding and dopaminergic signaling in cortex, the role of the anterior insular cortex (AIC) in interoception and emotion, and cognitive neuroscience evidence from studies of virtual reality and of psychiatric disorders of presence, specifically depersonalization/derealization disorder. The model associates presence with successful suppression by top-down predictions of informative interoceptive signals evoked by autonomic control signals and, indirectly, by visceral responses to afferent sensory signals. The model connects presence to agency by allowing that predicted interoceptive signals will depend on whether afferent sensory signals are determined, by a parallel predictive-coding mechanism, to be self-generated or externally caused. Anatomically, we identify the AIC as the likely locus of key neural comparator mechanisms. Our model integrates a broad range of previously disparate evidence, makes predictions for conjoint manipulations of agency and presence, offers a new view of emotion as interoceptive inference, and represents a step toward a mechanistic account of a fundamental phenomenological property of consciousness.
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              Functional connectivity density mapping.

              Dardo Tomasi, Nora D. Volkow (2010)
              Brain networks with energy-efficient hubs might support the high cognitive performance of humans and a better understanding of their organization is likely of relevance for studying not only brain development and plasticity but also neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the distribution of hubs in the human brain is largely unknown due to the high computational demands of comprehensive analytical methods. Here we propose a 10(3) times faster method to map the distribution of the local functional connectivity density (lFCD) in the human brain. The robustness of this method was tested in 979 subjects from a large repository of MRI time series collected in resting conditions. Consistently across research sites, a region located in the posterior cingulate/ventral precuneus (BA 23/31) was the area with the highest lFCD, which suggest that this is the most prominent functional hub in the brain. In addition, regions located in the inferior parietal cortex (BA 18) and cuneus (BA 18) had high lFCD. The variability of this pattern across subjects was <36% and within subjects was 12%. The power scaling of the lFCD was consistent across research centers, suggesting that that brain networks have a "scale-free" organization.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NDT
                Journal ID (pmc): neurodist
                Title: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
                Publisher: Dove
                ISSN (Print): 1176-6328
                ISSN (Electronic): 1178-2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 05 July 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 15
                Pages: 1833-1844
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
                [2 ] Department of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary College of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
                [3 ] Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian 361102, People’s Republic of China
                [4 ] Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , Xiamen, Fujian 361102, People’s Republic of China
                [5 ] Eye Institute of Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian 361102, People’s Republic of China
                [6 ] School of Medicine, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian 361102, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Yi ShaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute , 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu, Nanchang, Jiangxi330006, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 1 357 695 5700Email freebee99@ 123456163.com
                [*]

                These authors have contributed equally to this work

                Article
                Publisher ID: 210658
                DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S210658
                PMC ID: 6617566
                PubMed ID: 31308676
                SO-VID: 117de19a-143c-4ab8-b9ec-7ccdc472e1db
                Copyright © © 2019 Zhu et al.
                License:

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                Date received : 30 March 2019
                Date accepted : 10 June 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 4, References: 57, Pages: 12
                Categories
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology
                Keywords: functional connectivity density,corneal ulcer,spontaneous brain activities
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology
                Keywords: functional connectivity density, corneal ulcer, spontaneous brain activities

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