Uso de hábitat y relaciones ecomorfológicas de un ensamble de Anolis (Lacertilia: Dactyloidae) en la región natural Chocoana, Colombia

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Abstract

Se evaluó el hábitat usado por un ensamble de Anolis en bosque pluvial tropical del Chocó-Colombia, usando el método de Encuentros Visuales (Visual Encounter Survey, VES) en tres coberturas vegetales. Se encontró una diferencia estadística en la posición vertical (X² = 58.7, gl = 3, P < 0.0001), sustratos (X² = 272.1, gl = 4, P < 0.0001) y en el diámetro de percha (X² = 147.5, gl = 6, P < 0.0001) además, se encontró que A. maculiventris y A. anchicayae son las especies de mayor IVI con 0.69 y 0.51 (33 y 25%), respectivamente. Se midió el valor de importancia de las especies en las diferentes coberturas vegetales. En este estudio sobresalieron las especies de ecomorfo tronco-rama (A. malkini, A. chloris, A. latifrons, A. lyra y A. notopholis); todas las especies ocurren en los troncos de los árboles y arbustos, y especies como A. maculiventris y A. granuliceps se pueden encontrar ocupando microhábitat en el suelo generalmente en los troncos caídos y la hojarasca; las variables climáticas medidas no mostraron una correlación fuerte con las abundancias registradas.

Translated abstract

The habitat used by Anolis in tropical rainforest was evaluated using the Visual Encounters Survey method (VES) in three vegetation cover, there was a statistical difference in vertical position (X² = 58.7, df = 3, P< 0.0001), substrates (X² = 272.1, df = 4, P < 0.0001) and perch diameter (X² = 147.5, df = 6, P < 0.0001). It was found that A. maculiventris and A. anchicayae are the species with largest IVI with 0.69 and 0.51 (33 and 25%) respectively, measuring the importance value of species in different vegetation cover. This study highlights ecomorph species trunk-branch (A. malkini, A. chloris, A. latifrons, A. lyra and A. notopholis), all species occur on the trunks of trees and shrubs, and species such as A. maculiventris and A. granuliceps microhabitat can be found on the ground usually occupying fallen logs and litter; climatic variables measured did not show a strong correlation with recorded abundances.

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Aspectos de la vegetación natural de Colombia

J CUATRECASAS, J. Cuatrecasas, J. M. Cuatrecasas … (1958)

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The quick and the dead: correlational selection on morphology, performance, and habitat use in island lizards.

Ryan Calsbeek, Duncan J Irschick (2007)

Natural selection is an important driver of microevolution. Yet, despite significant theoretical debate, we still have a poor understanding of how selection operates on interacting traits (i.e., morphology, performance, habitat use). Locomotor performance is often assumed to impact survival because of its key role in foraging, predator escape, and social interactions, and shows strong links with morphology and habitat use within and among species. In particular, decades of study suggest, but have not yet demonstrated, that natural selection on locomotor performance has shaped the diversification of Anolis lizards in the Greater Antilles. Here, we estimate natural selection on sprinting speed and endurance in small replicate island populations of Anolis sagrei. Consistent with past correlational studies, long-limbed lizards ran faster on broad surfaces but also had increased sprint sensitivity on narrow surfaces. Moreover, performance differences were adaptive in the wild. Selection favored long-limbed lizards that were fast on broad surfaces, and preferred broad substrates in nature, and also short-limbed lizards that were less sprint sensitive on narrow surfaces, and preferred narrow perches in nature. This finding is unique in showing that selection does not act on performance alone, but rather on unique combinations of performance, morphology, and habitat use. Our results support the long-standing hypothesis that correlated selection on locomotor performance, morphology, and habitat use drives the evolution of ecomorphological correlations within Caribbean Anolis lizards, potentially providing a microevolutionary mechanism for their remarkable adaptive radiation.