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      Transient stripping of subducting slabs controls periodic forearc uplift

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          Abstract

          Topography in forearc regions reflects tectonic processes along the subduction interface, from seismic cycle-related transients to long-term competition between accretion and erosion. Yet, no consensus exists about the topography drivers, especially as the contribution of deep accretion remains poorly constrained. Here, we use thermo-mechanical simulations to show that transient slab-top stripping events at the base of the forearc crust control uplift-then-subsidence sequences. This 100s-m-high topographic signal with a Myr-long periodicity, mostly inaccessible to geodetic and geomorphological records, reflects the nature and influx rate of material involved in the accretion process. The protracted succession of stripping events eventually results in the pulsing rise of a large, positive coastal topography. Trench-parallel alternation of forearc highs and depressions along active margins worldwide may reflect temporal snapshots of different stages of these surface oscillations, implying that the 3D shape of topography enables tracking deep accretion and associated plate-interface frictional properties in space and time.

          Abstract

          Topography at active forearc margins is controlled by numerous competing tectonic and erosional processes acting at different timescales, yet separating their respective contribution remains a challenge. Here, the authors evidence Myr-scale, uplift-then-subsidence cycles controlled by transient accretion at the base of the forearc domain.

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          Dynamics of orogenic wedges and the uplift of high-pressure metamorphic rocks

          J. PLATT (1986)
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            Late Cenozoic exhumation of the Cascadia accretionary wedge in the Olympic Mountains, northwest Washington State

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              The 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake of Central Chile, monitored by GPS.

              Large earthquakes produce crustal deformation that can be quantified by geodetic measurements, allowing for the determination of the slip distribution on the fault. We used data from Global Positioning System (GPS) networks in Central Chile to infer the static deformation and the kinematics of the 2010 moment magnitude (M(w)) 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake. From elastic modeling, we found a total rupture length of ~500 kilometers where slip (up to 15 meters) concentrated on two main asperities situated on both sides of the epicenter. We found that rupture reached shallow depths, probably extending up to the trench. Resolvable afterslip occurred in regions of low coseismic slip. The low-frequency hypocenter is relocated 40 kilometers southwest of initial estimates. Rupture propagated bilaterally at about 3.1 kilometers per second, with possible but not fully resolved velocity variations.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                armel.menant@gfz-potsdam.de
                Journal
                Nat Commun
                Nat Commun
                Nature Communications
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2041-1723
                14 April 2020
                14 April 2020
                2020
                : 11
                : 1823
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2171 2558, GRID grid.5842.b, CNRS, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, , Université de Paris, ; 75005 Paris, France
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2156 2780, GRID grid.5801.c, Institute of Geophysics, , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), ; Zürich, Switzerland
                [3 ]Present Address: GFZ Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-8817
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-2927
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1062-2722
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-325X
                Article
                15580
                10.1038/s41467-020-15580-7
                7156703
                32286304
                11dff5c6-e892-4e0a-adaa-be4e185ee467
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 14 October 2019
                : 16 March 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: IDEX-USPC research chair grant 16C538 and IdEx Université de Paris ANR-18-IDEX-0001
                Categories
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                © The Author(s) 2020

                Uncategorized
                geodynamics,tectonics
                Uncategorized
                geodynamics, tectonics

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