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      Determining the Risk of Intra-Community Transmission of Tuberculosis in the Northwest of Iran Through 15 Loci Miru-Vntr Typing

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          Abstract

          This study was carried out in order to investigating the effect of travelling on the transmission of tuberculosis from high- to low-burden TB countries. Mycobacteria samples isolated from patients of distinct and relatively co-related countries (Azerbaijan Republic and Tabriz [located in the northwest of Iran]) were analyzed through 15 loci MIRU-VNTR typing method. PCR was done using special primers for each of the loci; then the number of allele repeats for all loci were determined by the size of their fragments. Finally, the created numeric patterns for each isolate were analyzed and clustered, using MIRU-VNTRplus.org website. All 119 isolates dispersing at 106 distinct patterns were composed of 10 clusters with 23 members and 96 unique patterns. Nine and five loci had high and moderate discriminatory power, respectively, but only one of them was poor in clustering. The study showed that 89.08% of TB cases involved resulted from the reactivation pattern and 10.92% were related to ongoing transmission. Although Azerbaijan Republic is a higher-burden TB region than Tabriz and Azerbaijan people make frequent tours to Tabriz to receive low or free medical services, the findings showed no TB transmission from the regions at least during the year of the study.

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          Most cited references24

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          Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics.

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            Extraction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA: a question of containment.

            DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis requires substantial high-quality DNA. We demonstrated that, despite extraction treatments that might be expected to inactivate this organism, M. tuberculosis remained viable during this process. These data suggest that the extraction of M. tuberculosis DNA should be performed within containment until complete.
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              • Abstract: found
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              Transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the UK: a cross-sectional molecular and epidemiological study of clustering and contact tracing

              Between 2000 and 2012 the number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis cases in the UK increased from 28 per year to 81 per year. We investigated the proportion of MDR tuberculosis cases arising from transmission in the UK and associated risk factors.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)
                Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)
                EUJMI
                European Journal of Microbiology & Immunology
                Akadémiai Kiadó (Budapest )
                2062-509X
                2062-8633
                27 February 2017
                March 2017
                : 7
                : 1
                : 46-54
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Microbiology Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University , Fars, Iran
                [2 ] Department of Laboratory Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
                [3 ] Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
                [4 ] Department of Food Science and Technology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tabriz, Iran
                Author notes
                * Department of Laboratory Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

                Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

                Article
                10.1556/1886.2016.00033
                5372480
                1278f191-0178-4c0b-9664-167f350c8766
                © 2017, The Author(s)

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 28 October 2016
                : 08 January 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 3, Equations: 2, References: 26, Pages: 9
                Funding
                Funding sources: There is no funding source supporting the study.
                Categories
                Original Article

                tuberculosis,molecular epidemiology,15 loci miru-vntr,intra-community transmission,recent transmission

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