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      Evaluation of parents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding self-medication for their children’s dental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey

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          Abstract

          Background

          Self-medication refers to taking medicine without consultation with a doctor or dentist, and it is an important health issue, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are no data about parents’ SM practices for their children’s dental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to evaluate parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding self-medication for their children’s dental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Turkey.

          Methods

          A cross-sectional survey was carried out in the pediatric dental clinic at Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, immediately after the COVID-19 lockdown ended. A total of 389 parents who agreed to participate in the study completed the questionnaire from July 1 to October 1. A questionnaire with 18 items was designed to collect information on the parents’ knowledge and attitudes regarding when, why, and how to use drugs and on their practices on medicating their children. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (chi-square test).

          Results

          The majority of parents (n = 273; 70.2%) practiced self-medication for their children's dental problems. Self-medication with a previously prescribed medications was usually preferred by parents (n = 179; 62.2%). Analgesics (98%) were the most commonly used medicines by parents in their self-medication for their children's dental problems.

          Conclusion

          Prevalence of self-medication practices for children's dental problems is high in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, new healthcare services, such as teledentistry, may be useful to overcome problems related to the self-medication of children during times when the ability to reach healthcare providers is limited, such as during pandemics.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01466-7.

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          Self-medication among children and adolescents in Germany: results of the National Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS).

          Yong Du, Hildtraud Knopf (2009)
          Despite the widespread use of self-medication among the child population and the potential harm it can do, up-to-date epidemiological data on self-medication are sparse worldwide. The aim was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of self-medication use among non-institutionalized children in Germany, focusing on the paediatric self-medications that are most frequently used. All cases of last-week medicine use were recorded among 17 450 children aged 0-17 years who participated in the 2003-2006 German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents. Self-medication was defined as the use of medicines that had either been bought over the counter or obtained from other sources (OS). The complex sample method was used to estimate the prevalence of, and factors associated with self-medication use. During the previous week 25.2% of participants had used self-medication (17.0% used over-the-counter drugs and 9.9% other-sources drugs). Self-medication accounted for 38.5% of total medicine use and included all medication classes. These clustered among drugs acting on the respiratory system (32.1%), alimentary tract and metabolism (21.6%), skin (14.2%) and nervous system (11.3%), as well as homoeopathic preparations (8.6%). Vitamin preparations were most frequently used with a weighted user prevalence of 4.7% (5.2% vs. 4.1%, P 0.05) and analgesics 3.7% (3.0% vs. 4.4%, P < 0.001, both boys vs. girls). Overall use of aspirin among children <12 years old was 0.3%; use of CCMs was substantial (4.4%), particularly among children <6 years old. Use of self-medication was closely related to older adolescent ages of between 14 and 17 years (odds ratio 1.16; 95% confidence interval 1.00, 1.33), children with a poor health status (1.29; 1.10, 1.52), with no immigration background (1.55; 1.33, 1.80), from families with a higher household income (1.23; 1.06, 1.42) and with mothers with a higher educational level (1.37; 1.19, 1.57). Self-medication use is highly prevalent in Germany, particularly among children and adolescents from families with a higher socioeconomic status. Self-medication in younger children using such drugs as CCMs and aspirin suggested inappropriate drug use and potential risks. This should be closely monitored and warrants an education programme for parents in Germany.
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            Self-medication with antibiotics in rural population in Greece: a cross-sectional multicenter study

            Eystathios Skliros, Panagiotis Merkouris, Athanasia Papazafiropoulou … (2010)
            Background Self-medication is an important driver of antimicrobial overuse as well as a worldwide problem. The aim of the present study was to estimate the use of antibiotics, without medical prescription, in a sample of rural population presenting in primary care in southern Greece. Methods The study included data from 1,139 randomly selected adults (545 men/594 women, mean age ± SD: 56.2 ± 19.8 years), who visited the 6 rural Health Centres of southern Greece, between November 2009 and January 2010. The eligible participants were sought out on a one-to-one basis and asked to answer an anonymous questionnaire. Results Use of antibiotics within the past 12 months was reported by 888 participants (77.9%). 508 individuals (44.6%) reported that they had received antibiotics without medical prescription at least one time. The major source of self-medication was the pharmacy without prescription (76.2%). The antibiotics most frequently used for self-medication were amoxicillin (18.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (15.4%), cefaclor (9.7%), cefuroxim (7.9%), cefprozil (4.7%) and ciprofloxacin (2.3%). Fever (41.2%), common cold (32.0%) and sore throat (20.6%) were the most frequent indications for the use of self-medicated antibiotics. Conclusion In Greece, despite the open and rapid access to primary care services, it appears that a high proportion of rural adult population use antibiotics without medical prescription preferably for fever and common cold.
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              Guidelines for Reporting Survey-Based Research Submitted to Academic Medicine

              Anthony R Artino, Steven Durning, David Sklar (2018)
              Article 0 comments Cited 37 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Emre Aksoy: emre.aksoy@omu.edu.tr
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Oral Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Oral Health
                Title: BMC Oral Health
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6831
                Publication date (Electronic): 5 March 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 5 March 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 21
                Electronic Location Identifier: 98
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.411049.9, ISNI 0000 0004 0574 2310, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, , Ondokuz Mayis University, ; 55270 Samsun, Turkey
                [2 ]GRID grid.411049.9, ISNI 0000 0004 0574 2310, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, , Ondokuz Mayis University, ; Samsun, Turkey
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1466
                DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01466-7
                PMC ID: 7934979
                PubMed ID: 33673839
                SO-VID: 138e5316-6bb7-41a7-8876-e7948ba8a982
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 9 December 2020
                Date accepted : 26 February 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: covid-19,pediatric dentistry,self-medication
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: covid-19, pediatric dentistry, self-medication

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