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      USEQ: A Short Questionnaire for Satisfaction Evaluation of Virtual Rehabilitation Systems

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          Abstract

          New emerging technologies have proven their efficacy in aiding people in their rehabilitation. The tests that are usually used to evaluate usability (in general) or user satisfaction (in particular) of this technology are not specifically focused on virtual rehabilitation and patients. The objective of this contribution is to present and evaluate the USEQ (User Satisfaction Evaluation Questionnaire). The USEQ is a questionnaire that is designed to properly evaluate the satisfaction of the user (which constitutes part of usability) in virtual rehabilitation systems. Forty patients with balance disorders completed the USEQ after their first session with ABAR (Active Balance Rehabilitation), which is a virtual rehabilitation system that is designed for the rehabilitation of balance disorders. Internal consistency analysis and exploratory factor analysis were carried out to identify the factor structure of the USEQ. The six items of USEQ were significantly associated with each other, and the Cronbach alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.716. In an analysis of the principal components, a one-factor solution was considered to be appropriate. The findings of the study suggest that the USEQ is a reliable questionnaire with adequate internal consistency. With regard to patient perception, the patients found the USEQ to be an easy-to-understand questionnaire with a convenient number of questions.

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          Most cited references43

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          Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests

          Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334
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            Virtual environments for motor rehabilitation: review.

            In this paper, the current "state of the art" for virtual reality (VR) applications in the field of motor rehabilitation is reviewed. The paper begins with a brief overview of available equipment options. Next, a discussion of the scientific rationale for use of VR in motor rehabilitation is provided. Finally, the major portion of the paper describes the various VR systems that have been developed for use with patients, and the results of clinical studies reported to date in the literature. Areas covered include stroke rehabilitation (upper and lower extremity training, spatial and perceptual-motor training), acquired brain injury, Parkinson's disease, orthopedic rehabilitation, balance training, wheelchair mobility and functional activities of daily living training, and the newly developing field of telerehabilitation. Four major findings emerge from these studies: (1) people with disabilities appear capable of motor learning within virtual environments; (2) movements learned by people with disabilities in VR transfer to real world equivalent motor tasks in most cases, and in some cases even generalize to other untrained tasks; (3) in the few studies (n = 5) that have compared motor learning in real versus virtual environments, some advantage for VR training has been found in all cases; and (4) no occurrences of cybersickness in impaired populations have been reported to date in experiments where VR has been used to train motor abilities.
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              SUS: a retrospective

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel)
                sensors
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                MDPI
                1424-8220
                07 July 2017
                July 2017
                : 17
                : 7
                : 1589
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; hgil@ 123456ai2.upv.es (H.G.-G.); jlozano@ 123456upv.es (J.-A.L.-Q.)
                [2 ]Hospital S. José, Av. Zaragoza 16, 44001 Teruel, Spain; pilarmanzanoh@ 123456hotmail.com (P.M.-H.); aula856@ 123456gmail.com (C.A.-V.)
                [3 ]Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, Ciudad Escolar, 44003 Teruel, Spain; salbiol@ 123456unizar.es
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: jgil@ 123456upv.es ; Tel.: +34-96-387-9550 (ext. 83515)
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-2480
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-1474
                Article
                sensors-17-01589
                10.3390/s17071589
                5539644
                28686174
                1392f5be-0c05-4b97-8510-304495e3661f
                © 2017 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 28 April 2017
                : 04 July 2017
                Categories
                Article

                Biomedical engineering
                virtual rehabilitation,usability,satisfaction,questionnaire,factor analysis,analysis of principal components

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