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      Surveillance summary of hospitalized pediatric enterovirus D68 cases in Canada, September 2014

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          Abstract

          Background

          Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has been detected infrequently and has not been associated with severe disease in Canada. In the early fall of 2014, following an unusual case increase in the United States, clusters of EV-D68 among children and some adults manifesting severe symptoms were reported in Canada.

          Objective

          To provide an initial epidemiological summary of pediatric cases hospitalized with EV-D68 in Canada.

          Methods

          A time-limited surveillance pilot was conducted collecting information on pediatric cases (less than 18 years of age) hospitalized with EV-D68 between September 1 and 30, 2014.

          Results

          In total, 268 cases were reported from Ontario (n=210), Alberta (n=45), and British Columbia (n=13). Of the 268 reported cases, 64.9% (n=174) were male; the sex difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). Age was reported for 255 cases, with a mean age for males of 5.4 years and for females of 5.3 years. For cases with data available, 6.8% (18/266) were admitted to an intensive care unit. Of those where clinical illness was recorded, respiratory illness alone was present in 98.3% (227/231), neurologic illness alone was present in 0.4% (n=1), and both illnesses were present in 0.9% of cases (n=2); cases with neither respiratory nor neurologic illness were rare (n=1). Of the 90 cases with additional clinical information available, 43.3% were reported as having asthma. No deaths were reported among the 268 cases.

          Conclusion

          The EV-D68 outbreak in Canada in September 2014 represents the beginning of a novel outbreak associated with severe illness in children. These findings provide the first epidemiological summary of severe cases of EV-D68 as an emergent respiratory pathogen in Canada. The continued investigation of this pathogen is necessary to build on these results and capture the full spectrum of associated illness.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Can Commun Dis Rep
          CCDR
          Canada Communicable Disease Report
          Public Health Agency of Canada
          1188-4169
          1481-8531
          20 February 2015
          20 February 2015
          : 41
          : Suppl 1
          : 2-8
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Centre for Public Health Infrastructure, Public Health Agency of Canada , Ottawa, , ON,
          [2 ]Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada , Ottawa, , ON,
          [3 ]National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada , Winnipeg, , MB,
          [4 ] British Columbia Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver, , BC,
          [5 ]Alberta Health, Edmonton, , AB,
          [6 ]Public Health Ontario, Toronto, , ON,
          [7 ]Alberta Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton and Calgary, AB
          [8 ] Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario , Ottawa, , ON,
          [9 ] Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton, , ON,
          [10 ] Fraser Health Authority , Surrey, , BC,
          [11 ] Interior Health Authority , Kelowna, , BC,
          [12 ] Vancouver Coastal Health Authority , Vancouver, , BC,
          [13 ] Vancouver Island Health Authority , Victoria, , BC,
          [14 ]Northern Health Authority, Prince George, BC
          [15 ] New Brunswick Department of Health , Fredericton, , NB,
          [16 ] Northwest Territories Health and Social Services , Yellowknife, , NT,
          Author notes
          [* ]Corresponding author: jonathan.edwin@ 123456phac-aspc.gc.ca
          Article
          PMC6822290 PMC6822290 6822290 41S101
          10.14745/ccdr.v41is1a01
          6822290
          31713547
          139cac97-8d89-47d5-9edd-dd48973555da
          Copyright @ 2015
          History
          Categories
          Surveillance
          Enterovirus D68 and influenza

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