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      Clinical Applications of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: Report of Four Cases

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          Abstract

          The greatest threats to developing teeth are dental caries and traumatic injuries. The primary goal of all restorative treatment is to maintain pulp vitality so that normal root development or apexogenesis can occur. If pulpal exposure occurs, then a pulpotomy procedure aims to preserve pulp vitality to allow for normal root development. Historically, calcium hydroxide has been the material of choice for pulpotomy procedures. Recently, an alternative material called mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has demonstrated the ability to induce hard-tissue formation in pulpal tissue. This article describes the clinical and radiographic outcome of a series of cases involving the use of MTA in pulpotomy, apexogenesis and apexification procedures and root perforations repair.

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          Clinical applications of mineral trioxide aggregate.

          An experimental material, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), has recently been investigated as a potential alternative restorative material to the presently used materials in endodontics. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that MTA prevents microleakage, is biocompatible, and promotes regeneration of the original tissues when it is placed in contact with the dental pulp or periradicular tissues. This article describes the clinical procedures for application of MTA in capping of pulps with reversible pulpitis, apexification, repair of root perforations nonsurgically and surgically, as well as its use as a root-end filling material.
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            Comparison of the physical and mechanical properties of MTA and portland cement.

            This study evaluated and compared the pH, radiopacity, setting time, solubility, dimensional change, and compressive strength of ProRoot MTA (PMTA), ProRoot MTA (tooth colored formula) (WMTA), white Portland cement (WP), and ordinary Portland cement (OP). The results showed that PMTA and Portland cement have very similar physical properties. However, the radiopacity of Portland cement is much lower than that of PMTA. The compressive strength of PMTA was greater than Portland cement at 28 days. The major constituent of PMTA is Portland cement. Given the low cost of Portland cement and similar properties when compared to PMTA, it is reasonable to consider Portland cement as a possible substitute for PMTA in endodontic applications. However, industrially manufactured Portland cement is not approved currently for use in the United States and therefore no clinical recommendation can be made for its use in the human body. Further in vitro and in vivo tests, especially with regards its biocompatibility, should be conducted to ascertain if it meets the FDA requirements for use as a medical device.
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              Mineral trioxide aggregate: a review of the constituents and biological properties of the material.

              This paper reviews the literature on the constituents and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). A Medline search was conducted. The first publication on the material was in November 1993. The Medline search identified 206 papers published from November 1993 to August 2005. Specific searches on constituents and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate, however, yielded few publications. Initially all abstracts were read to identify which fitted one of the two categories required for this review, constituents or biocompatibility. Based on this assessment and a review of the papers, 13 were included in the constituent category and 53 in the biocompatibility category. Relatively few articles addressed the constituents of MTA, whilst cytological evaluation was the most widely used biocompatibility test.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
                Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
                IJCPD
                International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
                Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
                0974-7052
                0975-1904
                Jan-Apr 2010
                15 April 2010
                : 3
                : 1
                : 43-50
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Dental College, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
                [2 ]Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Dental College, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
                Author notes
                Rahul Hegde, Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Dental College, 1101/B, Rajkamal Hieghts, Rajkamal Studeio Lane Parel, Mumbai-400012, Maharashtra, India e-mail: drrahulhegde@gmail.com
                Article
                10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1053
                4955044
                139d8d11-092b-496a-847c-bf5a68a7f10f
                Copyright © 2010; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

                History
                : 08 October 2009
                : 02 December 2009
                Categories
                Case Report

                apexification,apexogenesis,pulpotomy,mta.
                apexification, apexogenesis, pulpotomy, mta.

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