Influence of Parenting Practices on Eating Behaviors of Early Adolescents during Independent Eating Occasions: Implications for Obesity Prevention

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Abstract

Among early adolescents (10–14 years), poor diet quality along with physical inactivity can contribute to an increased risk of obesity and associated biomarkers for chronic disease. Approximately one-third of United States (USA) children in this age group are overweight or obese. Therefore, attention to factors affecting dietary intake as one of the primary contributors to obesity is important. Early adolescents consume foods and beverages during eating occasions that occur with and without parental supervision. Parents may influence eating behaviors of early adolescents during eating occasions when they are present or during independent eating occasions by engaging in practices that affect availability of foods and beverages, and through perceived normative beliefs and expectations for intake. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to describe the influence of parenting practices on eating behaviors in general and when specifically applied to independent eating occasions of early adolescents. This information may be helpful to inform parenting interventions targeting obesity prevention among early adolescents focusing on independent eating occasions.

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Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionnaire: a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness.

L Birch, J Fisher, K Grimm-Thomas … (2001)

The Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) is a self-report measure to assess parental beliefs, attitudes, and practices regarding child feeding, with a focus on obesity proneness in children. Confirmatory factor analysis tested a 7-factor model, which included four factors measuring parental beliefs related to child's obesity proneness, and three factors measuring parental control practices and attitudes regarding child feeding. Using a sample of 394 mothers and fathers, three models were tested, and the third model confirmed an acceptable fit, including correlated factors. Internal consistencies for the seven factors were above 0.70. With minor changes, this same 7-factor model was also confirmed in a second sample of 148 mothers and fathers, and a third sample of 126 Hispanic mothers and fathers. As predicted, four of the seven factors were related to an independent measure of children's weight status, providing initial support for the validity of the instrument. The CFQ can be used to assess aspects of child-feeding perceptions, attitudes, and practices and their relationships to children's developing food acceptance patterns, the controls of food intake, and obesity. The CFQ is designed for use with parents of children ranging in age from about 2 to 11 years of age. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

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Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among children and adolescents: a review of the literature. Part I: quantitative studies

Mette Rasmussen, Rikke Krølner, Knut-Inge Klepp … (2006)

Background In order to more effectively promote fruit and vegetable intake among children and adolescents, insight into determinants of intake is necessary. We conducted a review of the literature for potential determinants of fruit and vegetable intake in children and adolescents. Methods Papers were identified from Medline and PsycINFO by using all combinations of the search terms: "fruit(s) or vegetable(s)" and "children or adolescents". Quantitative research examining determinants of fruit and/or vegetable intake among children and adolescents aged 6–18 years were included. The selection and review process was conducted according to a four-step protocol resulting in information on country, population, design, methodology, theoretical basis, instrument used for measuring intake, statistical analysis, included independent variables, and effect sizes. Results Ninety-eight papers were included. A large number of potential determinants have been studied among children and adolescents. However, for many presumed determinants convincing evidence is lacking, mostly because of paucity of studies. The determinants best supported by evidence are: age, gender, socio-economic position, preferences, parental intake, and home availability/accessibility. Girls and younger children tend to have a higher or more frequent intake than boys and older children. Socio-economic position, preferences, parental intake, and home availability/accessibility are all consistently positively associated with intake. Conclusion The determinants most consistently supported by evidence are gender, age, socio-economic position, preferences, parental intake and home availability/accessibility. There is a need for internationally comparative, longitudinal, theory-based and multi-level studies taking both personal and environmental factors into account. This paper is published as part of the special Pro Children series in the International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. Please see [] for the relevant editorial.

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Family correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Natalie Pearson, Stuart Biddle, Trish Gorely (2009)

To review associations between the family environment and young people's fruit and vegetable consumption. A systematic review. Published English-language (n 60) papers were identified using electronic databases and manual searches of personal files and reference lists. Observational research reporting a measure of fruit/vegetable intake for children (aged 6-11 years) and/or adolescents (aged 12-18 years) and at least one potential family correlate of dietary intake was included. Parental modelling and parental intake were consistently and positively associated with children's fruit and fruit, juice and vegetable (FJV) consumption. There were also positive associations between home availability, family rules and parental encouragement and children's fruit and vegetable consumption. Parental intake was positively associated with adolescents' fruit and vegetable consumption. There were also positive associations between parental occupational status and adolescent fruit consumption and between parental education and adolescents' FJV consumption. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting the family environment for the promotion of healthy eating behaviours among children and adolescents. Future interventions should encourage parents to be positive role models by targeting parental intake and to create a supportive home environment through increased encouragement and availability of fruits and vegetables and employing rules to govern eating behaviours. For adolescents, indicators of family circumstances (e.g. parental education) should be used to identify target groups for interventions aimed at promoting healthy eating.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nutrients

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nutrients

Journal ID (publisher-id): nutrients

Title: Nutrients

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2072-6643

Publication date (Electronic): 22 October 2015

Publication date Collection: October 2015

Volume: 7

Issue: 10

Pages: 8783-8801

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108-6099, USA

[2 ]Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, Agricultural Sciences 216, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; jcbanna@ 123456hawaii.edu

[3 ]College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Nutrition, Oregon State University, 101 Milam Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-3303, USA; cluskeym@ 123456oregonstate.edu

[4 ]Department of Human Sciences, the Ohio State University, 313 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; gunther.22@ 123456osu.edu

[5 ]Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, 406 Shantz Building, 1177 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA; hongu@ 123456email.arizona.edu

[6 ]Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food Science, Brigham Young University, S233 Eyring Science Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA; rickelle_richards@ 123456byu.edu

[7 ]Department of Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, 243 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; glade.topham@ 123456okstate.edu

[8 ]College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Hallie E. Ford Center for Healthy Children and Families, Extension Family and Community Health Program, Nutrition, Oregon State University, Ballard Hall 105E, Corvallis, OR 97331-3303, USA; SiewSun.Wong@ 123456oregonstate.edu

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[* ]Correspondence: mreicks@ 123456umn.edu ; Tel.: +1-612-624-4735; Fax: +1-612-625-5272

Article

Publisher ID: nutrients-07-05431

DOI: 10.3390/nu7105431

PMC ID: 4632451

PubMed ID: 26506384

SO-VID: 14395dd7-0ace-49ed-aab7-3854054e6c20

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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Influence of Parenting Practices on Eating Behaviors of Early Adolescents during Independent Eating Occasions: Implications for Obesity Prevention

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Karger: Nutrition and Dietetics

Most cited references 141

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionnaire: a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness.

Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among children and adolescents: a review of the literature. Part I: quantitative studies

Family correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

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