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      Wild Bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus L., Ericaceae) from Montenegro as a Source of Antioxidants for Use in the Production of Nutraceuticals

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          Abstract

          The aim of this study was to establish correlation of chemical composition and antioxidant activity of bilberry plants from Montenegro. Total phenolic, tannin, flavonoid, procyanidin and anthocyanin contents were determined in fruits and leaves extracts using spectrophotometric methods, while the measurements of metal content was carried out in an Inductively Coupled Atomic Emission Spectrometer. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of major phenolics were achieved by HPLC. In the investigated extracts, the most abundant phenolic was chlorogenic acid, followed by protocatechuic acid, while resveratrol, isoquercetin, quecetin and hyperoside were also present in significant quantities. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using two in vitro assays—FRAP and DPPH—being in the accordance with the cyclic voltammetry tests, performed as well. The results revealed that all the investigated extracts were rich in phenolic and essential mineral constituents, with significant antioxidant activity, depending on the polyphenolic and mineral contents, which was confirmed by principal component analysis.

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          Most cited references31

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          Phenolic compounds in plants and agri-industrial by-products: Antioxidant activity, occurrence, and potential uses

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            Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 32 selected herbs

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              Antidiabetic properties of dietary flavonoids: a cellular mechanism review

              Background Natural food products have been used for combating human diseases for thousands of years. Naturally occurring flavonoids including flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavonols, isoflavones and anthocyanidins have been proposed as effective supplements for management and prevention of diabetes and its long-term complications based on in vitro and animal models. Aim To summarize the roles of dietary flavonoids in diabetes management and their molecular mechanisms. Findings Tremendous studies have found that flavonoids originated from foods could improve glucose metabolism, lipid profile, regulating the hormones and enzymes in human body, further protecting human being from diseases like obesity, diabetes and their complications. Conclusion In the current review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the biological action, mechanism and therapeutic potential of the dietary flavonoids and its subsequent clinical outcomes in the field of drug discovery in management of diabetes mellitus.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Molecules
                Molecules
                molecules
                Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
                MDPI
                1420-3049
                26 July 2018
                August 2018
                : 23
                : 8
                : 1864
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, University of Montenegro, Dzordza Vasingtona bb, 20000 Podgorica, Montenegro; sneza_b@ 123456yahoo.com (S.B.-V.); nadab@ 123456ac.me (N.B.); vesnav@ 123456ac.me (V.V.-P.)
                [2 ]Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia; jmutic@ 123456chem.bg.ac.rs (J.M.); dalibors@ 123456chem.bg.ac.rs (D.M.S.)
                [3 ]The Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
                [4 ]Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia; ivanafarmacija@ 123456gmail.com
                [5 ]Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Pancic”, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: vtadic@ 123456mocbilja.rs ; Tel.: +381-11-3031-658 or +381-64-3130-918; Fax: +381-11-3031-655
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7465-1373
                Article
                molecules-23-01864
                10.3390/molecules23081864
                6222815
                30050005
                144fdb2d-d811-4b3b-a5ed-aefbf97c0a51
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 06 July 2018
                : 24 July 2018
                Categories
                Article

                vaccinium myrtillus,phenolic compounds,metals,antioxidant activity,cyclic voltammetry,principal component analysis

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