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      INFLUENCIA DEL CLIMATERIO Y LA TERAPIA HORMONAL DE REEMPLAZO SOBRE LA SEXUALIDAD FEMENINA

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          Abstract

          Antecedentes: Los síntomas que afectan la esfera sexual durante el climaterio son altamente prevalentes. Objetivos: Describir los aspectos fundamentales de la respuesta sexual humana en un sentido integral, analizando las modificaciones que el climaterio le imprime, y analizar la inferencia de la terapia hormonal de reemplazo sobre la respuesta y el comportamiento sexual humano. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía de las bases de dato MEDLINE y LILACS, encontrando un total de 465 artículos sobre el tema. Se seleccionaron aquellos estudios que presentaban un mayor rigor científico. Resultados: El climaterio repercute en forma variable en la respuesta sexual femenina. Generando una afectación tanto en la esfera biológica como psicológica y comportamental de la misma. Existen factores endocrinos y tróficos sobre los distintos tejidos que modifican el factor coital de esta respuesta. El deseo sexual y el orgasmo se afectan en forma más variable, no dependiendo exclusivamente de parámetros biológicos. Conclusión: El uso de terapia de reemplazo hormonal disminuye el deterioro de la respuesta sexual en el climaterio

          Translated abstract

          Background: The symptoms that affect the sexual sphere in women's during climacteric are of high prevalence. Aims: To describe the fundamental aspects of human sexual response during the climacteric and to analyze the effect of climacteric replacement hormone therapy. Methodology: a revision of existing bibliography was done, from MEDLINE and LILACS databases, finding a total of 465 articles. From that group, those which presented the highest scientific rigor were selected. Results: It was found that climacteric affects in a variable way the female sexual response, affecting not only her biological sphere, but her psychological and behavioral spheres. It can be seen that there are endocrine and trophic factors acting upon the different tissues which modify the coital factor of this response. It was also found that sexual desire and orgasm are affected in a more variable way, the affection not exclusively depending on biological parameters. Conclusion: The use of hormone replacement lower it the deterioration of the human sexual response during the climacterium

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          Estradiol upregulates Bcl-2 expression in adult brain neurons.

          Julie A Chowen, F. Naftolin, Guilherme J M Garcia … (1998)
          Bcl-2, a protein which negatively modulates apoptosis, is up-regulated by estrogen in several tissues. To determine the effect of estradiol on Bcl-2 in the adult brain, its immunoreactive distribution was examined in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of female rats under different endocrine conditions. The number of Bcl-2-immunoreactive neurons was significantly increased (p < 0.001) on the day of estrus compared with proestrus, diestrus and metestrus, was decreased by ovariectomy and showed a dose-response increase after estradiol administration to ovariectomized rats. Progesterone, when injected simultaneously with estradiol, reduced the effect of estradiol. These findings indicate that ovarian hormones regulate Bcl-2 in hypothalamic neurons and suggest that this protein may be involved in the neuroprotective effects of estrogen.
          Article 0 comments Cited 31 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            A longitudinal study of the effects of menopause on sexuality.

            Amber McCoy, Richard J. Davidson (1985)
            From an initial group of 39, 16 cycling peri-menopausal women completed a longitudinal study in which they recorded menstrual and sexual behavior daily and were interviewed at roughly 4-mth intervals until 1 yr or more without cycling. At each interview women gave 20-ml blood samples, completed sexuality questionnaires, and rated themselves for menopausal symptoms. As predicted, the difference in weekly rate of sexual intercourse before and after the cycle showed a significant decline (P less than 0.05). For each subject, mean weekly rates of sexual intercourse for 13-wk periods over the entire transition period were plotted and the slope of the line was calculated. Overall, the mean slope was negative, as predicted, and was significantly different from zero (P less than 0.05). The questionnaire data showed that compared with their pre-menopause data, the women had fewer sexual thoughts or fantasies (P less than 0.01), suffered more from lack of vaginal lubrication during sex (P less than 0.01), and were less satisfied with their partners as lovers (P less than 0.05) after menopause. While estradiol (E) and testosterone (T) levels showed significant declines (P less than 0.02), testosterone showed the most consistent association with coital frequency. The findings generally supported our initial hypothesis of a decline in sexual interest and coital frequency after menopause.
            Article 0 comments Cited 30 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              The psychological effects of stillbirth and neonatal death on fathers: systematic review.

              S F Riches, P Turton, Patricia Hughes … (2006)
              To review the available evidence on the psychological effects of perinatal death on fathers. Electronic search of CINAHL, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases from 1966-2005. papers describing at least one psychological outcome for fathers who had experienced stillbirth or neonatal death. papers not in English, dissertations, reviews, books without original data, intervention studies, studies of parents without separate results for fathers, studies where perinatal loss was not distinguished from other losses, first person accounts of a single experience, studies reporting on fewer than five fathers. Seventy-seven potential papers were obtained and screened by two authors. Seventeen studies were included. Study quality was rated using a checklist and main findings were summarized. Quality of methodology varied. Qualitative studies described classical grief responses, but less guilt than mothers. Fathers described experiences related to their social role and potential conflict between grieving couples. Quantitative research reported symptoms of anxiety and depression, but at a lower level than mothers. Fathers may develop post-traumatic stress disorder following stillbirth. Case prevalence of psychological disorders is unknown. More good quality research is needed. The social role of fathers as carers for their partners needs recognition when planning care for bereaved families.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): rchog
                Title: Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología
                Abbreviated Title: Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol.
                Publisher: Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Santiago, , Chile )
                ISSN (Print): 0048-766X
                ISSN (Electronic): 0717-7526
                Publication date (Print and electronic): 2006
                Volume: 71
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 141-152
                Affiliations
                [01] Montevideo orgnameHospital de Clínicas orgdiv1Clínica Ginecotocológica B Uruguay
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0717-75262006000200012 Publisher ID: S0717-7526(06)07100212
                DOI: 10.4067/S0717-75262006000200012
                SO-VID: 1493f32c-f4cb-4a80-bba4-547e2bbd58d7
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 12
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                SciELO Chile

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                Subject: Documento

                Keywords: menopause,terapia hormonal de reemplazo,respuesta sexual,menopausia,Climaterio,replacement hormone therapy,sexual response,Climacterium
                Data availability:
                Keywords: menopause, terapia hormonal de reemplazo, respuesta sexual, menopausia, Climaterio, replacement hormone therapy, sexual response, Climacterium

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