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      The effects of daily stress on positive and negative mental health: Mediation through self-efficacy Translated title: Efectos del estrés cotidiano en la salud mental positiva y negativa: mediación de la autoeficacia

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          Abstract

          Daily stressors, compared to traumatic events, are increasingly recognized as important risk factors for mental health. The role of general self-efficacy on the relationship between daily stress and aspects of mental health has not yet been examined. Taking into account the dual factor model of mental health, which postulates that mental health is more than the absence of psychopathological symptoms, we tested mediation effects of self-efficacy separately for positive and negative mental health. Total, direct and indirect effects were estimated using data from a large nationally representative German population sample ( N = 1,031) by bootstrapped mediation analyses providing 95% bias corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. Results indicated self-efficacy as a mediator of the effects of daily stressors on mental health, with superior effect sizes for positive compared to negative mental health. Mediation effects were replicated in student samples from Germany ( N = 394), Russia ( N = 604) and China ( N = 8,669). Findings suggest that self-efficacy operates as a buffer of daily stress. However, a full mediation model was not supported as multiple psychological resources can have protective effects. This study provides the first transnational evidence for different stress-buffer effects for the two dimensions of mental health.

          Resumen

          El estrés cotidiano, en comparación con acontecimientos traumáticos, es reconocido cada vez más como un importante factor de riesgo para la salud mental. El papel de la autoeficacia general en la relación entre estrés diario y aspectos de la salud mental todavía no se ha examinado. Teniendo en cuenta el modelo de dos factores, que postula que la salud mental es más que la ausencia de síntomas psicopatológicos, examinamos la mediación de la autoeficacia separadamente para la salud mental positiva y negativa. Efectos totales, directos e indirectos fueron evaluados, utilizando datos de una muestra de la población alemana representativa ( N = 1.031). La autoeficacia es un mediador de los efectos del estrés cotidiano, con efectos superiores para la salud mental positiva. Los resultados fueron replicados en muestra s de estudiantes de Alemania ( N = 394), Rusia ( N = 604) y China ( N = 8.669). La autoeficacia actúa como un búfer para el estrés cotidiano. Un modelo de mediación completo no fue apoyado con múltiples recursos psicológicos que pueden tener efectos protectores. Es la primera evidencia transnacional para diferentes efectos del búfer-estrés para las dos dimensiones de salud mental.

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          Most cited references37

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          Models for the stress-buffering functions of coping resources.

          B Wheaton (1985)
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            The validity of the 21-item version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales as a routine clinical outcome measure

            This study aimed to test the validity of the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) as a routine clinical outcome measure in the private in-patient setting. We hypothesized that it would be a suitable routine outcome instrument in this setting.
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              Power anomalies in testing mediation.

              Two rather surprising anomalies relating to statistical power occur in testing mediation. First, in a model with no direct effect for which the total effect and indirect effect are identical, the power for the test of the total effect can be dramatically smaller than the power for the test of the indirect effect. Second, when there is a direct effect of a causal variable on the outcome controlling for the mediator, the power of the test of the indirect effect is often considerably greater than the power of the test of the direct effect, even when the two are of the same magnitude. We try to explain the reasons for these anomalies and how they affect practice.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Int J Clin Health Psychol
                Int J Clin Health Psychol
                International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology : IJCHP
                Asociacion Espanola de Psicologia Conductual
                1697-2600
                2174-0852
                30 October 2015
                Jan-Apr 2016
                30 October 2015
                : 16
                : 1
                : 1-10
                Affiliations
                [0005]Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Mental Health Research & Treatment Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany. pia.schoenfeld@ 123456rub.de
                Article
                S1697-2600(15)00084-8
                10.1016/j.ijchp.2015.08.005
                6225043
                30487845
                14b3f13f-efb1-4ee5-a676-404d1eb5852d
                © 2015 Asociación Espa˜nola de Psicología Conductual. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 27 April 2015
                : 24 August 2015
                Categories
                Original article

                self-efficacy,mental health,daily stress,mediation,descriptive survey study,autoeficacia,salud mental,estrés cotidiano,mediación,estudio descriptivo de poblaciones

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