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      Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases in Special Populations: Farmers and Soldiers

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          Abstract

          Some types of workers such as farmers and soldiers are at a higher risk of work-related injury and illness than workers from other occupations. Despite this fact, they are not covered under the Industrial Safety Health (ISH) Act or the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance (IACI) Act. The Safety Aid System for Farmers (SASF) is a voluntary insurance scheme, and it is the only public compensation plan for self-employed farmers. Fifty percent of SASF premiums are subsidized by the Korean government. Soldiers are compensated by the Veterans' Pension (VP) Act. The approval standard of and procedure for the VP Act are provided in the Decree of VP Act, and the Council for VP Benefits determines work-relatedness in the claimed cases. Meanwhile, SASF applies the insurance clause automatically without any expert advice or additional procedures. Furthermore, compared with IACI, these programs pay fewer benefits to workers. Thus, a stronger institutional strategy is needed to maintain a safe work environment, to protect workers' health in unavoidably hazardous environments, and to compensate for work-related injuries and diseases.

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          Comparison of unintentional fatal occupational injuries in the Republic of Korea and the United States.

          F Béna, B Ahn, A John Bailer (2004)
          To compare the profile of unintentional fatal occupational injuries in the Republic of Korea and the United States to help establish prevention strategies for Korea and to understand country specific differences in fatality risks in different industries. Occupational fatal injury data from 1998-2001 were collected from Korea's Occupational Safety and Health Agency's Survey of Causes of Occupational Injuries (identified by the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation) and from the United States Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Employment estimates were obtained in both countries. Industry coding and external cause of death coding were standardized. Descriptive analyses of injury rates and Poisson regression models to examine time trends were conducted. Korea exhibited a significantly higher fatal injury rate, at least two times higher than the United States, after accounting for different employment patterns. The ordering of industries with respect to risk is the same in the two countries, with mining, agriculture/forestry/fishing, and construction being the most dangerous. Fatal injury rates are decreasing in these two countries, although at a faster rate in Korea. Understanding industrial practices within different countries is critical for fully understanding country specific occupational injury statistics. However, differences in surveillance systems and employment estimation methods serve as caveats to any transnational comparison, and need to be harmonized to the fullest extent possible.
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            Issues of agricultural safety and health.

            Kristi Frank, Robert McKnight, Steven Kirkhorn … (2003)
            Agricultural work is the most prevalent type of employment in the world. In the United States only a few are engaged in creating food and fiber for many. Agriculture includes farming, ranching, fishing, and forestry, and together they carry significant risk for the development of injury or illness. There are numerous special-population issues related to agriculture. Farmers are old and growing older, many workers are children, and migrant and seasonal help, often foreign born, make up a large percentage of the workforce. It has been only relatively recently that concerns of agricultural safety and health have become a major research focus in the United States.
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              Work-related injuries and fatalities among farmers in South Korea.

              Inah Kim, Hyo-Suk Lee, Hyunchul Ryou … (2011)
              Agricultural injuries are increasing in South Korea according to its workforce's reduced size and increased age. Available data are insufficient to exactly understand present situation. This study evaluated the patterns and characteristics of agricultural injury and assessed the injury rates. We analyzed the entry and compensation data compiled in 2005 by the Safety Aid System of Farm Workers, South Korea's government insurance for agricultural injury. We examined the general characteristics, rates, and mortality of agricultural injury. There were 11,931 compensated events, including 219 compensated deaths. Farm injuries occurred most frequently in October, and most injuries were unintentional. The incidence and fatality rates were 16.67 per 1,000 person-years and 30.59 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Most number of agricultural injuries occurred in October. The most common cause of deaths was accidents caused by machinery use (35.64%) for males and other transport accidents (23.53%) for females, while the most common cause of injuries for females was falls (45.39%). Incidence and mortality rate of agricultural injuries were higher in elders. Although injury rates may have been underestimated owing to data limitations, we are confident that South Korea's rate is higher than those seen in other countries or occupations. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Korean Med Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J. Korean Med. Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JKMS
                Title: Journal of Korean Medical Science
                Publisher: The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences
                ISSN (Print): 1011-8934
                ISSN (Electronic): 1598-6357
                Publication date (Print): June 2014
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 June 2014
                Volume: 29
                Issue: Suppl
                Pages: S24-S31
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
                [2 ]Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
                Author notes
                Address for Correspondence: Soo-Jin Lee, MD. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea. Tel: +82.2-2290-9292, Fax: +82.2-2220-0664, sjlee@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2718-8870
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4938-1700
                Article
                DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.S.S24
                PMC ID: 4085171
                SO-VID: 15391e21-a9b9-4f7e-abc0-85816640b63e
                Copyright © © 2014 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 18 December 2013
                Date accepted : 07 April 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Special Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: compensation,occupational diseases,farmers,soldiers
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: compensation, occupational diseases, farmers, soldiers

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