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      Changes in body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in relation to the reduction in body mass index in adolescents with obesity Translated title: Cambios en la composición corporal y factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en relación con la reducción del índice de masa corporal en adolescentes con obesidad

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: there are controversial data in relation to the reduction in body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) needed to improve adiposity in the pediatric population with obesity. The aim of this work was to determine the minimum variation in BMI-SDS required to improve the values of adiposity markers and cardiometabolic risk factors in growing adolescents with obesity. Methods: a longitudinal study consisting of clinical evaluation (waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, fat mass index, and blood pressure) and blood testing (insulin resistance and lipid profile) was conducted in 350 adolescents with obesity (152 boys and 198 girls) aged 10.2-14.3 years who went through a combined intervention (12 months). Results: a decrease in SDS-BMI ≤ 0.5 was not associated with any significant improvement in the clinical features and blood testing recorded. A decrease in BMI-SDS > 0.5, and especially if > 1.0, was linked to a significant improvement in adiposity markers. A decrease in BMI-SDS > 0.5 was associated with a significant improvement in insulin resistance, and a decrease in BMI-SDS > 1.0 was associated with a significant decrease in the percentage of patients who showed high values of systolic blood pressure, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile Conclusions: improvement in body composition, insulin resistance, and lipid profile can be observed with reductions in BMI-SDS ≥ 0.5 in obese adolescents, while extended benefits are obtained by losing at least 1.0 BMI-SDS.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: los datos en relación con la reducción del índice de masa corporal (IMC-SDS) necesario para mejorar la adiposidad en la población pediátrica con obesidad son controvertidos. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la variación mínima del IMC-SDS necesaria para mejorar los valores de los marcadores de adiposidad y los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes obesos. Métodos: estudio longitudinal clínico (perímetro de cintura, índice cintura-estatura e índice de masa grasa y presión arterial) y analítico (HOMA-R y perfil lipídico) realizado en 350 adolescentes con obesidad (152 niños y 198 niñas) de entre 10,2 y 14,3 años de edad que completaron una intervención combinada (12 meses). Resultados: una disminución en el índice de masa corporal (SDS-BMI) ≤ 0,5 no se asoció con ninguna mejora significativa de las características clínicas y analíticas registradas. Una disminución del IMC-SDS > 0,5, y especialmente si > 1,0, se relacionó con una mejora significativa de los marcadores clínicos de adiposidad. Una disminución del IMC-SDS > 0,5 se asoció con una mejora significativa de la resistencia a la insulina y una disminución del BMI-SDS > 1,0 se asoció con una disminución significativa del porcentaje de pacientes que mostraban valores altos de presión arterial sistólica, HOMA-IR y perfil lipídico Conclusiones: con una reducción del IMC-SDS ≥ 0,5 se observa una mejoría tanto en la composición corporal como en los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en los adolescentes obesos; no obstante, estos beneficios son mayores si la reducción del IMC-SDS es superior a 1.0.

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          Most cited references40

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          Pediatric Obesity—Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

          The European Society of Endocrinology and the Pediatric Endocrine Society. This guideline was funded by the Endocrine Society.
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            Severe obesity in children and adolescents: identification, associated health risks, and treatment approaches: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.

            Severe obesity afflicts between 4% and 6% of all youth in the United States, and the prevalence is increasing. Despite the serious immediate and long-term cardiovascular, metabolic, and other health consequences of severe pediatric obesity, current treatments are limited in effectiveness and lack widespread availability. Lifestyle modification/behavior-based treatment interventions in youth with severe obesity have demonstrated modest improvement in body mass index status, but participants have generally remained severely obese and often regained weight after the conclusion of the treatment programs. The role of medical management is minimal, because only 1 medication is currently approved for the treatment of obesity in adolescents. Bariatric surgery has generally been effective in reducing body mass index and improving cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors; however, reports of long-term outcomes are few, many youth with severe obesity do not qualify for surgery, and access is limited by lack of insurance coverage. To begin to address these challenges, the purposes of this scientific statement are to (1) provide justification for and recommend a standardized definition of severe obesity in children and adolescents; (2) raise awareness of this serious and growing problem by summarizing the current literature in this area in terms of the epidemiology and trends, associated health risks (immediate and long-term), and challenges and shortcomings of currently available treatment options; and (3) highlight areas in need of future research. Innovative behavior-based treatment, minimally invasive procedures, and medications currently under development all need to be evaluated for their efficacy and safety in this group of patients with high medical and psychosocial risks.
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              The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents - an IDF consensus report.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                April 2022
                : 39
                : 2
                : 273-281
                Affiliations
                [2] Pamplona orgnameComplejo Hospitalario de Navarra orgdiv1Department of Pediatrics Spain
                [3] Pamplona orgnameInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA) Spain
                [1] Pamplona Navarra orgnameUniversidad de Navarra orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Department of Pediatrics Spain
                Article
                S0212-16112022000200005 S0212-1611(22)03900200005
                10.20960/nh.03809
                15bb007d-37c5-4fff-a7ea-efd71829daa0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 July 2021
                : 27 November 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original Papers

                Obesity,Lipid profile,Cardiometabolic risk factors,Body mass index reduction,Body composition,Adolescents,Obesidad,Perfil lipídico,Reducción del índice de masa corporal,Factores de riesgo cardiometabólico,Composición corporal,Adolescentes

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