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      Impact of dietary fat on gut microbiota and low-grade systemic inflammation: mechanisms and clinical implications on obesity.

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          Abstract

          Dietary fat strongly affects human health by modulating gut microbiota composition and low-grade systemic inflammation. High-fat diets have been implicated in reduced gut microbiota richness, increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, and several changes at family, genus and species levels. Saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) and conjugated linolenic fatty acids share important pathways of immune system activation/inhibition with gut microbes, modulating obesogenic and proinflammatory profiles. Mechanisms that link dietary fat, gut microbiota and obesity are mediated by increased intestinal permeability, systemic endotoxemia, and the activity of the endocannabinoid system. Although the probiotic therapy could be a complementary strategy to improve gut microbiota composition, it did not show permanent effects to treat fat-induced dysbiosis. Based upon evidence to date, we believe that high-fat diets and SFA consumption should be avoided, and MUFA and omega-3 PUFA intake should be encouraged in order to regulate gut microbiota and inflammation, promoting body weight/fat control.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Int J Food Sci Nutr
          International journal of food sciences and nutrition
          Informa UK Limited
          1465-3478
          0963-7486
          Jul 04 2017
          Affiliations
          [1 ] a Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil.
          [2 ] b Departamento de Nutrição , Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil.
          Article
          10.1080/09637486.2017.1343286
          28675945
          15becfef-4cb8-4bf4-85e1-b3088b82750e
          History

          probiotics,lipopolysaccharide,metabolic endotoxemia,monounsaturated fatty acid,polyunsaturated fatty acids,High-fat diets

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