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      SALINE WATER IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON THE CULTIVATION OF COLORED FIBER COTTON Translated title: IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUAS SALINAS E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA NO CULTIVO DO ALGODOEIRO DE FIBRA COLORIDA

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT In Northeast Brazil, the cultivation of colored fiber cotton has stood out as one of the agricultural activities of expressive importance because its fiber has various applications in the industry and it is a labor-demanding crop. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production of the colored fiber cotton cv. ‘BRS Rubi’, as a function of saline water irrigation and nitrogen (N) doses. The experiment was conducted in lysimeters, under greenhouse conditions, in eutrophic Regolithic Neosol, with a sandy loam texture, in Campina Grande-PB, Brazil. The plants were irrigated using water with electrical conductivities (ECw) of 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1 and 9.1 dS m-1 and fertilized with N doses (ND) of 65, 100, 135, 170 and 205 mg N kg-1 soil, in a completely randomized block design, with three replicates. Irrigation using water with an ECw above 5.1 dS m-1, hampered growth, water consumption and water use efficiency of ‘BRS Rubi’ cotton. Among the organs, the cotton root system was less affected by the salt stress in comparison to the shoots. N fertilization did not mitigate the deleterious effect of salt stress on cotton growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production. The interaction between water salinity and N fertilization had positive effects on total weight of seeds and lint, and the highest values were obtained in plants irrigated with water of ECw 7.6 and 7.5 dS m-1 and ND of 65 mg N kg-1 of soil.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO No Nordeste do Brasil, a cotonicultura de fibra colorida tem se destacado como uma das atividades agrícolas de expressiva importância, devido a sua fibra possuir várias aplicações na indústria, e ser uma cultura absorvedora de mão-de-obra. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o crescimento, o consumo hídrico, a eficiência no uso da água e a produção do algodoeiro cv. BRS Rubi de fibra colorida em função da irrigação com águas salinas e doses de nitrogênio, em experimento desenvolvido em lisímetros sob condições de casa de vegetação em Neossolo Regolítico Eutrófico de textura franco-arenosa em Campina Grande-PB. As plantas foram irrigadas com água de condutividade elétrica da água - CEa de 5,1; 6,1; 7,1; 8,1 e 9,1 dS m-1 e adubadas com doses de nitrogênio - DN de 65; 100; 135; 170 e 205 mg de N kg-1 de solo, no delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com três repetições. A irrigação com águas de CEa acima de 5,1 dS m-1 prejudicou o crescimento, o consumo hídrico e a eficiência no uso da água do algodoeiro cv. BRS Rubi; dentre os órgãos, o sistema radicular do algodoeiro foi menos afetado pelo o estresse salino em comparação com a parte aérea; a adubação nitrogenada não mitigou o efeito deletério do estresse salino sobre o crescimento, consumo hídrico, eficiência no uso da água e a produção do algodoeiro; a interação entre a salinidade da água e a adubação nitrogenada exerceu efeitos positivos na massa total de sementes e de pluma, sendo os maiores valores obtidos nas plantas irrigadas com CEa de 7,6 e 7,5 dS m-1 e dose de 65 mg N kg-1 de solo.

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          Physiological analysis of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars uncovers characteristics related to terminal drought resistance.

          Terminal drought is a major problem for common bean production because it occurs during the reproductive stage, importantly affecting seed yield. Diverse common bean cultivars with different drought susceptibility have been selected from different gene pools in several drought environments. To better understand the mechanisms associated with terminal drought resistance in a particular common bean race (Durango) and growth habit (type-III), we evaluated several metabolic and physiological parameters using two cultivars, Bayo Madero and Pinto Saltillo, with contrasting drought susceptibility. The common bean cultivars were submitted to moderate and severe terminal drought treatments under greenhouse conditions. We analyzed the following traits: relative growth rate, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance, water-use efficiency, relative water content, proline accumulation, glycolate oxidase activity and their antioxidant response. Our results indicate that the competence of the drought-resistant cultivar (Pinto Saltillo) to maintain seed production upon terminal drought relies on an early response and fine-tuning of stomatal conductance, CO₂ diffusion and fixation, and by an increased water use and avoidance of ROS accumulation. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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            Physiological responses to salt stress in young umbu plants

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              Mechanism of salinity tolerance

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcaat
                Revista Caatinga
                Rev. Caatinga
                Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (Mossoró, RN, Brazil )
                0100-316X
                1983-2125
                March 2018
                : 31
                : 1
                : 151-160
                Affiliations
                [3] Cruz das Almas Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia orgdiv1Nucleus of Soil and Water Engineering Brazil hans@ 123456pq.cnpq.br
                [2] Campina Grande Paraíba orgnameUniversidade Federal de Campina Grande orgdiv1Center of Technology and Natural Resources Brazil geovanisoareslima@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1983-21252018000100151
                10.1590/1983-21252018v31n118rc
                15e5d06b-6d29-42dc-b9a5-fd1ee6b1e45d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 March 2017
                : 14 September 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Gossypium hirsutum L.,BRS Rubi,Estresse salino,Nitrogênio.,‘BRS Rubi’,Salt stress,Nitrogen.

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