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      Ichthyofauna of the Parnaíba river Basin, Northeastern Brazil Translated title: Ictiofauna da bacia do Parnaíba, Nordeste do Brasil

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          Abstract

          The Parnaíba River is the largest hydrographic basin with its limits entirely within the northeastern region of Brazil. It is one of the few perennial rivers in the Brazilian Northeastern Region, running predominantly in the area of Caatinga on the eastern portion (with intermittent drainages associated to this type of environment), and partly extending into the Cerrado region on the western portion. The objective of this study was to describe the diversity of freshwater fishes of the Parnaíba River basin by conducting a comprehensive ichthyofauna inventory of the basin. The sampling design of this study was based on the placement of (1) Fixed Sites for seasonal collection (dry and wet season, two years) in the three portions of the main course of the Parnaíba River, and (2) “Aquarap” protocol collections which covered the entire basin. The collection effort consisted of 244 sampling sites surveyed along the entire basin between the years 2004 and 2011. Fish were collected with the use of seines, cast nets, gill nets and dip nets; only the first two fishing gears were used in Fixed Sites. As a result, 146 species of freshwater fish were recorded in the Parnaíba River basin, distributed in 103 genera, 36 families and 11 orders. The registered endemism reached a total of 54 species.

          Translated abstract

          O rio Parnaíba é o maior rio cuja bacia hidrográfica está inteiramente situada na região Nordeste do Brasil. É um dos poucos rios perenes do Nordeste e encontra-se sob domínio predominante de Caatinga (com drenagens intermitentes associadas a este tipo de ambiente), uma parte estendendo-se em região de Cerrado. Este estudo descreveu a diversidade da ictiofauna de água doce da bacia do rio Parnaíba através da realização de um amplo inventário. O desenho amostral baseou-se no estabelecimento de (1) Pontos Fixos de coleta sazonal (seca e cheia, dois anos de coleta) nas três porções do curso principal do rio Parnaíba, e (2) coletas do tipo “AquaRap”, que cobriram toda a bacia. O esforço de coleta somou 244 pontos visitados ao longo da bacia entre os anos de 2004 e 2011. Os peixes foram coletados com o uso de redes de arrasto, tarrafas, esperas e puçás; apenas os dois primeiros tipos de apetrechos foram utilizados nos Pontos Fixos. Como resultado, foram registradas 146 espécies de peixes de água doce na bacia do rio Parnaíba, distribuídas em 103 gêneros, 36 famílias e 11 ordens; o endemismo registrado foi de 54 espécies.

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          Os peixes de água doce do Brasil

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            Platydoras brachylecis, a new species of thorny catfish (Siluriformes: Doradidae) from northeastern Brazil

            Platydoras brachylecis, new species, is described from coastal drainages of northeastern Brazil (Pindaré to Parnaíba rivers), and diagnosed from congeners by the unique combination of: pale yellow to white stripe beginning above orbits, continuing midlaterally on body and onto middle rays of caudal fin; skin in axil of each midlateral thorn without concentration of pigment forming small dark spot, midlateral scutes shallow (depth of 10th scute 8.8-11.9% of SL), and midlateral scutes on caudal peduncle distinctly separated by strip of skin from middorsal and midventral caudal-peduncle plates. Three additional species of Platydoras are recognized as valid: P. armatulus (lower Orinoco, Amazon and Paraguay-Paraná drainages), P. costatus (coastal drainages of Suriname and French Guiana), and P. hancockii (upper Orinoco, Negro, Essequibo and Demerara drainages). The nominal species P. dentatus and P. helicophilus are tentatively treated as junior synonyms of P. costatus. A key to species of Platydoras is provided.
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              Viagem ao Brasil: 1865-1866

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bn
                Biota Neotropica
                Biota Neotrop.
                Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP (Campinas )
                1676-0611
                March 2014
                : 14
                : 1
                : e20130039
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brazil
                Article
                S1676-06032014000100204
                10.1590/S1676-06020140039
                16510229-2dd6-4be5-a9e4-44ad300d86c6

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1676-0603&lng=en
                Categories
                BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

                Animal science & Zoology
                Parnaíba River,Ichthyofauna,Northeastern Brazil,Neotropical Region,Rio Parnaíba,Ictiofauna,Nordeste brasileiro,região Neotropical.

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