Vibrio harveyi: a serious pathogen of fish and invertebrates in mariculture

Abstract

Vibrio harveyi, which belongs to family Vibrionaceae of class Gammaproteobacteria, includes the species V. carchariae and V. trachuri as its junior synonyms. The organism is a well-recognized and serious bacterial pathogen of marine fish and invertebrates, including penaeid shrimp, in aquaculture. Diseased fish may exhibit a range of lesions, including eye lesions/blindness, gastro-enteritis, muscle necrosis, skin ulcers, and tail rot disease. In shrimp, V. harveyi is regarded as the etiological agent of luminous vibriosis in which affected animals glow in the dark. There is a second condition of shrimp known as Bolitas negricans where the digestive tract is filled with spheres of sloughed-off tissue. It is recognized that the pathogenicity mechanisms of V. harveyi may be different in fish and penaeid shrimp. In shrimp, the pathogenicity mechanisms involved the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, and extracellular proteases, and interaction with bacteriophages. In fish, the pathogenicity mechanisms involved extracellular hemolysin (encoded by duplicate hemolysin genes), which was identified as a phospholipase B and could inactivate fish cells by apoptosis, via the caspase activation pathway. V. harveyi may enter the so-called viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, and resuscitation of the VBNC cells may be an important reason for vibriosis outbreaks in aquaculture. Disease control measures center on dietary supplements (including probiotics), nonspecific immunostimulants, and vaccines and to a lesser extent antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds.

Contributors

Xiao-Hua Zhang: [e-mail]

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Mar Life Sci Technol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Mar Life Sci Technol

Title: Marine Life Science & Technology

Publisher: Springer Singapore (Singapore )

ISSN (Print): 2096-6490

ISSN (Electronic): 2662-1746

Publication date (Electronic): 3 April 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 3 April 2020

Pages: 1-15

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.4422.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2152 3263, MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, , Ocean University of China, ; Qingdao, 266003 China

[2 ]GRID grid.484590.4, ISNI 0000 0004 5998 3072, Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, ; Qingdao, 266237 China

[3 ]GRID grid.4422.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2152 3263, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, , Ocean University of China, ; Qingdao, 266100 China

[4 ]GRID grid.11918.30, ISNI 0000 0001 2248 4331, Institute of Aquaculture, , University of Stirling, ; Stirling, FK9 4LA Scotland, UK

Article

Publisher ID: 37

DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00037-z

PMC ID: 7223180

Copyright statement: © The Author(s) 2020

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Categories

Subject: Review