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      Investigating the Impact of Item Parameter Drift for Item Response Theory Models with Mixture Distributions

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          Abstract

          This study investigates the impact of item parameter drift (IPD) on parameter and ability estimation when the underlying measurement model fits a mixture distribution, thereby violating the item invariance property of unidimensional item response theory (IRT) models. An empirical study was conducted to demonstrate the occurrence of both IPD and an underlying mixture distribution using real-world data. Twenty-one trended anchor items from the 1999, 2003, and 2007 administrations of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) were analyzed using unidimensional and mixture IRT models. TIMSS treats trended anchor items as invariant over testing administrations and uses pre-calibrated item parameters based on unidimensional IRT. However, empirical results showed evidence of two latent subgroups with IPD. Results also showed changes in the distribution of examinee ability between latent classes over the three administrations. A simulation study was conducted to examine the impact of IPD on the estimation of ability and item parameters, when data have underlying mixture distributions. Simulations used data generated from a mixture IRT model and estimated using unidimensional IRT. Results showed that data reflecting IPD using mixture IRT model led to IPD in the unidimensional IRT model. Changes in the distribution of examinee ability also affected item parameters. Moreover, drift with respect to item discrimination and distribution of examinee ability affected estimates of examinee ability. These findings demonstrate the need to caution and evaluate IPD using a mixture IRT framework to understand its effects on item parameters and examinee ability.

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          Most cited references29

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          Statistics and Computing, 10(4), 325-337
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            Dealing with label switching in mixture models

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              Rasch Models in Latent Classes: An Integration of Two Approaches to Item Analysis

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychol
                Front Psychol
                Front. Psychol.
                Frontiers in Psychology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-1078
                24 February 2016
                2016
                : 7
                : 255
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
                [2] 2Department of Human Development, Teachers College, Columbia University New York, NY, USA
                [3] 3Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
                Author notes

                Edited by: Yanyan Sheng, Southern Illinois University, USA

                Reviewed by: Judit Antal, College Board, USA; Holmes Finch, Ball State University, USA

                *Correspondence: Yoon Soo Park yspark2@ 123456uic.edu

                This article was submitted to Quantitative Psychology and Measurement, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

                Article
                10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00255
                4764735
                26941699
                16821206-3cc9-4730-8964-629da84cc781
                Copyright © 2016 Park, Lee and Xing.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 28 November 2015
                : 09 February 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 13, Equations: 7, References: 54, Pages: 17, Words: 11951
                Categories
                Psychology
                Original Research

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                item parameter drift,item response theory,mixture irt,timss,differential item functioning

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