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      Les reconstructions acétabulaires dans les prothèses totales de hanche Translated title: Acetabular reconstruction in total hip replacement

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          Abstract

          La chirurgie de reconstruction acétabulaire est une technique qui consiste à combler les pertes de substance osseuse siégeant au niveau du cotyle. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective de 15 patients (16 cotyles), sur une période de 6 ans (2006- 2012). Dans douze cas il s'agissait de prothèse totales de la hanche de première intention et dans quatre cas il s'agissait de reprise cotyloïdienne de PTH. L’évaluation clinique préopératoire et postopératoire de tous nos patients a été effectuée par le score de Postel et Merle d'Aubigné. L’évaluation des pertes de substances osseuse du cotyle a été classée selon la classification de Paprosky. L’âge moyen de nos patients au moment de l'intervention a été de 57 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 20 ans à 76 ans. La greffe osseuse a été utilisée chez 12 de nos patients. La reconstruction prothétique a été utilisée chez 8 patients (anneau de Kerboul dans six cas et anneau de Burch-Schneider dans deux cas). Recul post opératoire moyen a été de 56 mois. L’évaluation radiologique a été basée sur les clichés radiologiques du bassin de face strict ainsi que des radiographies de la hanche opérée de face prenant la totalité de la prothèse. Nos résultats cliniques et radiologiques ont été jugé bon à très bon dans la majorité des cas. Pour nous, nous optant pour le recentrage-reconstruction car c'est lui qui s'approche le plus de l'anatomie et de la biomécanique normale de la hanche.

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          Most cited references37

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          Acetabular defect classification and surgical reconstruction in revision arthroplasty. A 6-year follow-up evaluation.

          From 1982 to 1988, 147 cemented acetabular components were revised with cementless hemispheric press-fit components, with an average follow-up period of 5.7 years (range, 3-9 years). Acetabular defects were typed from 1 to 3 and reconstructed with a bulk or support allograft. Type 1 defects had bone lysis around cement anchor sites and required particulate graft. Type 2A and B defects displayed progressive bone loss superiorly and required particulate graft, femoral head bulk graft, or cup superiorization. Type 2C defects required medial wall repair with wafer femoral head graft. Type 3A and B defects demonstrated progressive amounts of superior rim deficiencies and were treated with structural distal femur or proximal tibia allograft. Six of the 147 components (4.0%), all type 3B, were considered radiographically and clinically unstable, warranting revision. Three of the six were revised. Moderate lateral allograft resorption was noted on radiographs, but host-graft union was confirmed at revision. Size, orientation, and method of fixation of the allografts play an important role in the integrity of structural allografts, while adequate remaining host-bone must be present to ensure bone ingrowth.
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            Classification and management of acetabular abnormalities in total hip arthroplasty.

            Total hip arthroplasty, for both primary and revision operations, frequently involves bony abnormalities of the acetabulum. No standard nomenclature currently exists for the definition of acetabular deficiencies. A classification system is presented to assist in the preoperative evaluation and to provide a treatment protocol for these defects.
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              Modular porous metal augments for treatment of severe acetabular bone loss during revision hip arthroplasty.

              Modular acetabular augments were implanted in 16 patients (16 hips) for support of an uncemented hemispheric acetabular component during revision acetabular reconstruction. Based on the classification of Paprosky, acetabular bone defects were classified as 2A in one hip, 2B in three hips, 2C in one hip, 3A in five hips, and 3B in six hips. Preoperatively, the prosthetic femoral head centers were located at a mean horizontal distance of 18.6 mm (range, -3-46 mm), and a mean vertical distance of 27.6 mm (range, -16-52 mm) from the approximate femoral head center. Postoperatively, the prosthetic femoral head centers were located at a mean horizontal distance of 10.4 mm (range, 1-25 mm), and a mean vertical distance of 7.4 mm (range, -15-25 mm). At final followup, no implant had evidence of migration or loosening. At early clinical followup, this modular acetabular augment system seems helpful in acetabular reconstructions that cannot be treated with an uncemented hemispheric cup that would have required other forms of treatment such as structural allografts, acetabular cages, bilobed acetabular components, or custom acetabular components. Longer term followup is required to determine whether there are untoward effects of using a modular acetabular reconstructive system.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                10 November 2015
                2015
                : 22
                : 225
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service de Chirurgie Traumatologique et Orthopédique de l'Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail de Meknès, Maroc
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Hassane Zejjari, Service de Chirurgie Traumatologique et Orthopédique de l'Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail de Meknès, Maroc
                Article
                PAMJ-22-225
                10.11604/pamj.2015.22.225.6259
                4761240
                26955415
                168d4f88-83fb-442e-ac21-93face306078
                © Hassane Zejjari et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 02 February 2015
                : 21 March 2015
                Categories
                Case Series

                Medicine
                reconstruction acétabulaire,prothèse totale de la hanche,greffe osseuse,anneaux de soutiens,acetabular reconstruction,total hip replacement,bone graft,support rings

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