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      Estudio comparativo de las visitas a urgencias por intoxicaciones por opiáceos en dos periodos Translated title: Comparative study of visits to Hospital Emergency Department for opioid overdose in two periods

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: El uso de fármacos opioides ha aumentado en las últimas décadas, así como las intoxicaciones relacionadas con su uso. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el número de visitas a urgencias en un hospital universitario por intoxicaciones por opiáceos entre dos periodos y analizar las posibles diferencias de las características de los pacientes, perfil de prescripción y el tratamiento de dicha intoxicación. Método: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo de las visitas debidas a intoxicaciones por fármacos opiáceos en dos periodos: 2009-2014 y 2018-2020. Resultados: Se incluyeron 47 casos de intoxicaciones, 20 en el primer periodo (3,3 casos/año) y 27 en el segundo (9 casos/año). Se observó una disminución en la edad de los pacientes (81,1 versus 74,0; p = 0,044) y un incremento de tratamientos debidos a dolor traumatológico agudo a expensas de menos tratamientos de dolor crónico (p = 0,002). No hubo diferencias en el opiáceo implicado. Con respecto a la clínica, se observó una disminución en los síndromes confusionales (p = 0,026) y un incremento de fallecimientos. Conclusiones: Las visitas a urgencias por intoxicaciones a fármacos opiáceos han aumentado en los últimos años, así como la mortalidad asociada. El perfil de los pacientes implicados ha variado, incrementándose el tratamiento de dolor traumatológico agudo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: The last few years have seen an increase in the use of opioid analgesics and in the incidence of opioid overdoses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the number of overdose-related visits to a university hospital emergency department at two different periods of time to analyze potential differences in terms of patient characteristics, prescription profile, and treatment. Method: This is a retrospective observational study of opioid overdoserelated visits in two periods of time: 2009-2014 and 2018-2020. Results: The study included 47 cases of opioid overdoses: 20 during the first period (3.3 cases/year) and 27 during the second (9 cases/year). A comparison between the two period showed a decrease in the patients’ age (81.1 vs 74.0; p = 0.044) and an increase in the number of acute trauma-derived pain treatments at the expense of chronic pain treatments (p = 0.002). No differences were observed in the opioids involved. As regards symptoms, there was a decrease in the incidence of confusional syndromes (p = 0.026) and an increase in deaths. Conclusions: Emergency room visits for opioid overdoses have increased in recent years, as has the mortality associated to them. A change has also been observed in the profile of affected patients, with a higher number of cases where pain is derived from acute trauma.

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          Most cited references13

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          The Burden of Opioid-Related Mortality in the United States

          Key Points Question What has been the burden of opioid-related deaths in the United States over a recent 15-year period? Findings In this serial cross-sectional study, we found that the percentage of all deaths attributable to opioids increased 292% (from 0.4% to 1.5%) between 2001 and 2016, resulting in approximately 1.68 million person-years of life lost in 2016 alone (5.2 per 1000 population). The burden was particularly high among adults aged 24 to 35 years; in 2016, 20% of deaths in this age group involved opioids. Meaning Premature death from opioids imposes an enormous and growing public health burden across the United States.
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            The Public and the Opioid-Abuse Epidemic

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              Prevention of Opioid Overdose

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fh
                Farmacia Hospitalaria
                Farm Hosp.
                Grupo Aula Médica (Toledo, Toledo, Spain )
                1130-6343
                2171-8695
                October 2021
                : 45
                : 5
                : 258-261
                Affiliations
                [2] Barcelona orgnameParc de Salut Mar orgdiv1Unitat Funcional de Toxicologia España
                [3] Barcelona orgnameParc de Salut Mar orgdiv1Servicio de Geriatría España
                [4] Barcelona orgnameParc de Salut Mar orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria España
                [1] Barcelona orgnameHospital del Mar orgdiv1Servicio de Urgencias España
                Article
                S1130-63432021000500009 S1130-6343(21)04500500009
                10.7399/fh.11698
                16c1297f-2461-4347-bf74-3f7dedac39b9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 May 2021
                : 23 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original Breve

                Analgesics opioids,Epidemiología,Dolor,Servicio urgencias,Tramadol,Morfina,Fentanilo,Intoxicaciones,Analgésicos opiáceos,Epidemiology,Pain,Emergency room,Morphine,Fentanyl,Drug overdose

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