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      [Update on endocrine orbitopathy].

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          Abstract

          Graves' orbitopathy is an autoimmune disease of the ocular adnex connective tissue and most commonly occurs together with Grave's hyperthyroidism. Anti-TSH receptor antibodies are specific for Graves' disease and are related to both the course of thyroid and orbital diseases. An active inflammatory disease stage is followed by an inactive stage of incomplete remission in most patients. Periorbital swelling, proptosis, diplopia and lid retraction severely impair the patients' quality of life. In the active state anti-inflammatory treatment consists of i.v. steroids, off-label use of immunomodulatory medication, selenium and in emergency cases orbital decompression. Fortunately, defects in inactive stable Graves' orbitopathy can be successfully treated by surgery and involve decompression for proptosis reduction, muscle recession to correct diplopia and (finally) lid surgery.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Ophthalmologe
          Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
          Springer Nature America, Inc
          1433-0423
          0941-293X
          Nov 2013
          : 110
          : 11
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Abteilung für Erkrankungen des vorderen Augenabschnittes, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland, anja.eckstein@uk-essen.de.
          Article
          10.1007/s00347-013-2976-x
          24231915
          1706ba48-d4ab-4aa5-8754-5139dbeccfd3
          History

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