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      Wild bees as floral visitors to Salvia assurgens (Lamiaceae): a contribution to the pollination ecology of a white-flowered endemic Mexican sage Translated title: Abejas silvestres visitantes florales de Salvia assurgens (Lamiaceae): aportes a la ecología de la polinización de una salvia mexicana endémica de flores blancas

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          Abstract

          Abstract: Background and Aims: Salvia assurgens (a white-flowered sage) is considered to be a melittophilous species due to its floral architecture. However, there are no current empirical data supporting its assignment to this pollination syndrome. The present study aimed to record the diurnal floral visitors of S. assurgens to confirm its characterization as melittophilous and to evaluate which species of bees are potential pollinators. Methods: We collected wild bee visitors to the flowers of one population of S. assurgens in northeastern Michoacán, Mexico, during the summers of 2018 and 2019. We analyzed the pollen loads of each bee species and body area. In addition, we recorded the behavior of some wild bees when visiting flowers of S. assurgens. Key results: Seventeen bee species from three families (Apidae, Halictidae, and Megachilidae) were recorded as floral visitors of S. assurgens. Ninety percent of pollen carried by the examined bees belonged to S. assurgens. Four species of wild bees were the most frequent visitors, with S. assurgens accounting for 94.2% of the pollen on their bodies. Notably, these species presented clear differences in the distribution of pollen on their body parts: two of them, Bombus pennsylvanicus sonorus and Megachile sp. 1 accumulated up to 90% of the pollen on the frons and dorsal area of their thorax. It is most likely that pollen is transferred from these body areas to the stigma of S. assurgens. Conclusions: The present study provides evidence of the melittophilous pollination syndrome of S. assurgens. The wild bee richness recorded in this study is as high as that previously reported in studies on floral visitors to Neotropical sages. Finally, our results highlight the usefulness of considering pollen loads to increase our knowledge of Salvia pollination ecology.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: Según su arquitectura floral, Salvia assurgens (salvia con flores blancas) ha sido considerada como especie melitófila. Sin embargo, no existen datos empíricos que apoyen la asignación a dicho síndrome de polinización. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo registrar los visitantes florales diurnos de S. assurgens para confirmar su condición melitófila y evaluar qué especies de abejas podrían ser potenciales polinizadores. Métodos: Durante el verano de 2018 y 2019 se colectaron los visitantes florales diurnos en una población de S. assurgens ubicada al noreste de Michoacán, México. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las cargas polínicas por especie y áreas corporales de cada visitante floral. Además, se registró el comportamiento de algunos de los visitantes florales sobre las flores. Resultados clave: Se registraron 17 especies de abejas de tres familias (Apidae, Halictidae y Megachilidae) como visitantes florales de S. assurgens. Noventa por ciento de los granos de polen en las cargas polínicas pertenecieron a S. assurgens. Cuatro especies de abejas nativas fueron los visitantes más frecuentes; estas concentraron 94.2% del polen de S. assurgens y presentaron diferencias en la distribución del polen según el área corporal. Dos de estas especies, Bombus pennsylvanicus sonorus y Megachile sp. 1, concentraron hasta 90% del polen de S. assurgens en su frente y dorso, lugares que hacen más probable la transferencia de polen al estigma de S. assurgens. Conclusiones: Este estudio proporciona una evidencia de la condición melitófila de S. assurgens. De hecho, la riqueza de abejas silvestres registrada en este trabajo fue similar o mayor a la reportada en estudios anteriores sobre visitantes florales de salvias neotropicales. Además, nuestros resultados destacan la utilidad de las cargas de polen para aumentar nuestro conocimiento sobre la ecología de la polinización en Salvia.

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          Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico

          Abstract: An updated inventory of the native vascular plants of Mexico records 23,314 species, distributed in 2,854 genera, 297 families, and 73 orders. The flora includes 1,039 species of ferns and lycophytes, 149 gymnosperms, and 22,126 angiosperms. On average, the number of synonyms per species is 1.3 (mode = 1). The number of species places Mexico as the country with the fourth largest floristic richness in the world, although among the non-insular countries, by its number of endemic species (about 50%) is second only surpassed by South Africa. The species distribution among higher taxonomic categories, and the richness and endemism values in the 32 states of Mexico are discussed. This compilation allows us to assess the flora's contribution to the overall Mexican biodiversity.
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            The collection of pollen by bees

            R. Thorp (2000)
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              Pollination and floral ecology

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                abm
                Acta botánica mexicana
                Act. Bot. Mex
                Instituto de Ecología A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío (Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico )
                0187-7151
                2448-7589
                2021
                : 128
                : e1785
                Affiliations
                [1] Pátzcuaro Michoacán orgnameInstituto de Ecología, A.C. Mexico
                [4] Pátzcuaro Michoacán orgnameInstituto de Ecología, A.C. Mexico
                [2] Mexico City orgnameConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico
                [3] Xalapa Veracruz orgnameInstituto de Ecología, A.C. Mexico
                Article
                S0187-71512021000100115 S0187-7151(21)00012800115
                10.21829/abm128.2021.1785
                17101ca7-c910-44a6-a9e5-13c5cfbfbfc2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 September 2020
                : 03 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 63, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Research articles

                potential pollinators,safe sites for pollen,flores nototribicas,limpieza del polen,manipulación del polen,polinizadores potenciales,sitios seguros para el polen,grooming,nototribic flowers,pollen manipulation

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