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      Membranous Glomerulonephritis after Haematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Renal involvement during graft-versus-host disease following haematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma has never been described. We report a case of a recipient who developed nephrotic syndrome and membranous glomerulonephritis 22 months after the graft and 6 months after cyclosporine withdrawal. Symptoms resolved when immunosuppressive therapy was reinstituted.

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          Most cited references3

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          Th1 and Th2 T helper cell subsets affect patterns of injury and outcomes in glomerulonephritis.

          The recognition that human immune responses can be directed by two different subsets of T helper cells (Th1 and Th2) has been an important development in modern immunology. Immune responses polarized by either the Th1 or Th2 subset predominance result in different inflammatory effector pathways and disease outcomes. Many autoimmune diseases are associated with either Th1- or Th2- polarized immune responses. Although these different immune response patterns are relevant to glomerulonephritis (GN), little attention has been paid to the consequences of Th1 or Th2 predominance of nephritogenic immune responses for the pattern and outcome of GN. Unlike other autoimmune conditions, GN results from a variety of different immune responses and has a range of histologic features and immune effectors in glomeruli. This review assesses the data available from studies of experimental and human GN that address the Th1 or Th2 predominance of nephritogenic immune responses and their relevance to the different histopathological patterns and outcomes of GN. In particular, the evidence that Th1-predominant nephritogenic immune responses are associated with severe proliferative and crescentic GN is presented.
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            Membranous nephropathy: an IgG4-mediated disease.

            Membranous nephropathy is characterised by the deposition of immunoglobulin, predominantly of the IgG4 subclass, along the epithelial surface of the glomerular-basement membrane. Current models of pathogenesis usually assume in-situ immune-complex formation involving an as yet uncharacterised fixed glomerular antigen. I argue that the properties of IgG4 (inability to fix complement and therefore impaired clearance of IgG4-containing complexes; low affinity and therefore ability for IgG4-containing complexes to dissociate and traverse the glomerular-basement membrane) are compatible with a pathogenic mechanism that involves the deposition of circulating IgG4 immune complexes containing diverse antigens.
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              Membranous Nephropathy with Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                NEF
                Nephron
                10.1159/issn.1660-8151
                Nephron
                S. Karger AG
                1660-8151
                2235-3186
                2001
                2001
                22 June 2001
                : 88
                : 3
                : 260-263
                Affiliations
                aDipartimenti di Clinica Medica, Nefrologia e Scienze della Prevenzione e bPatologia e Medicina di Laboratorio, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Università degli Studi, Parma, Italia
                Article
                45999 Nephron 2001;88:260–263
                10.1159/000045999
                11423758
                177b327a-e6c8-4b1b-aa76-a977f2f1614b
                © 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 1, References: 18, Pages: 4
                Categories
                Case Report

                Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
                Graft-versus-host disease,Membranous glomerulonephritis,Nephrotic syndrome,Transplantation,Cyclosporine

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