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      Bioengineered tissues for urogenital repair in children.

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      Pediatric research

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          Abstract

          The most common congenital abnormalities involve the genitourinary system. These include hypospadias, in which the urethral opening develops in an improper position, and bladder exstrophy, in which the bladder develops on the outer surface of the abdomen. Children with these conditions will require immediate and multiple reconstructive surgeries. Currently, reconstruction may be performed with native nonurologic tissues (skin, gastrointestinal segments, or mucosa), homologous tissues from a donor (cadaver or living donor kidney), heterologous tissues or substances (bovine collagen), or artificial materials (silicone, polyurethane, teflon). However, these materials often lead to complications after reconstruction, either because the implanted tissue is rejected, or because inherently different functional parameters cause a mismatch in the system. For example, replacement of bladder tissue with gastrointestinal segments can be problematic due to the opposite ways in which these two tissues handle solutes-urologic tissue normally excretes material, and gastrointestinal tissue generally absorbs the same materials. This mismatched state can lead to metabolic complications as well as infection and other issues. The replacement of lost or deficient urologic tissues with functionally equivalent ones would improve the outcome of reconstructive surgery in the genitourinary system. This goal may soon be attainable with the use of tissue engineering techniques.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Pediatr. Res.
          Pediatric research
          0031-3998
          0031-3998
          May 2008
          : 63
          : 5
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. aatala@wfubmc.edu
          Article
          00006450-200805000-00017
          10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181660639
          18427303
          17c7b99b-e645-4e0c-a30e-23a946b4de07
          History

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