Erythropoiesis Stimulatory Agent- Resistant Anemia in Dialysis Patients: Review of Causes and Management

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Abstract

Despite new therapeutic options and treatment strategies, anemia still remains one of the major complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease. Successful management of anemia is a central part of patient care that may improve clinical outcomes. Although the National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-DOQI) working group reformulated its recommendations by stating that the hemoglobin target in patients receiving erythropoiesis stimulatory agents (ESA) should generally be 11–12 g/dl, this target value can not be achieved in many of them, despite treatment with high doses of ESA. The aim of the present review is to provide an update of the recent literature on causes and possible management of ESA-resistant anemia in CKD patients.

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): BPU

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Blood Purif

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0253-5068

Title: Blood Purification

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Print): 0253-5068

ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9735

Publication date Subscription-year: 2010

Publication date (Print): January 2010

Publication date (Electronic): 08 October 2009

Volume: 29

Issue: 1

Pages: 1-12

Affiliations

^aDepartment of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, and ^bDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fatih University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; ^cDepartment of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., USA; ^dDepartment of Nephrology Clinic and Dialysis and Transplantation Center, ‘C.I. PARHON’ University Hospital and University ‘Gr T Popa’, Iasi, Romania

Article

Publisher ID: 245041 Other ID: Blood Purif 2010;29:1–12

DOI: 10.1159/000245041

PubMed ID: 19816014

SO-VID: 17f5e520-0276-4f4a-8cc9-174cc764315c

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Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

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Figures: 2, Tables: 1, References: 98, Pages: 12

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