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      Phaseolus vulgaris en el tratamiento de suelo un agrícola contaminado por hidrocarburos Translated title: Phaseolus vulgaris in the treatment of agricultural soil contaminated by hydrocarbons

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          Abstract

          En suelo la contaminación por una mezcla de hidrocarburos como el aceite residual automotriz (ARA), inhibe la mineralización de la materia orgánica y causa perdida de su fertilidad. Una alternativa de solución es el enriquecimiento del suelo y plantas que lo eliminen a una cantidad inferior de 4400 ppm, valor máximo aceptado por la regulación en México conocida como NOM-138-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2003. El objetivo de este trabajo fue el tratamiento de suelo contaminado por 35000 ppm ARA con P. vulgaris inoculado con A. vinelandii y P. polymyxa para decrecer el ARA a un valor menor al máximo aceptado de la NOM-138. Las variables respuestas para determinar la recuperación del suelo en este ensayo fueron a) la concentración inicial y final de ARA por Soxhlet, y en b) P. vulgaris: el porcentaje (%) de germinación, en la fenología: altura de planta, longitud de raíz, y la biomasa: peso fresco y seco, aéreo y radical a plántula y prefloración. Los datos experimentales fueron analizados por Tukey 0.05%. Los resultados indican que el enriquecimiento del suelo, facilito que P. vulgaris con A. vinelandii y P. polymyxa a prefloración, decrecieran el ARA a 1152 ppm, valor menor al máximo aceptado por la NOM-138 para la recuperación de la fertilidad de ese suelo.

          Translated abstract

          A soil polluted by waste motor oil (WMO) is inhibiting organic matter mineralization and caused losing its fertility. An alternative solution is to enrich soil and a plant to eliminate WMO at concentration value lower than 4400 ppm, maximum value accepted by the Mexican environmental regulation called NOM-138-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2003 (NOM-138). The objective of this research was to treat a soil polluted by 35,000 ppm of WMO with Phaseolus vulgaris inoculated with Azotobacter vinelandii and Paenibacillus polymyxa to reduce the WMO´s concentration at lower value than the maximum accepted by the NOM-138. The variable responses for recovering soil ‘fertility of this experiment was a) the initial and final concentration of WMO by Soxhlet, and b) for P. vulgaris the percentage (%) of germination, the phenology: height of plant, length of root; and biomass: aereal and radical fresh/dry weight at seedlings and reflooring stages. Experimental data were analyzed by Tukey 0.05%. Results showed that soil enriched to facilitate that P. vulgaris with A. vinelandii and P. polymyxa at e-flowering, could reducing ARA until 1152 ppm, lower concentration than the maximum allowed by NOM-138 for recovering soil´s fertility.

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          Most cited references23

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          A Comprehensive Review of Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation by Bacteria.

          Hydrocarbons are relatively recalcitrant compounds and are classified as high-priority pollutants. However, these compounds are slowly degraded by a large variety of microorganisms. Bacteria are able to degrade aliphatic saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons via both aerobic and anaerobic pathways. Branched hydrocarbons and cyclic hydrocarbons are also degraded by bacteria. The aerobic bacteria use different types of oxygenases, including monooxygenase, cytochrome-dependent oxygenase and dioxygenase, to insert one or two atoms of oxygen into their targets. Anaerobic bacteria, on the other hand, employ a variety of simple organic and inorganic molecules, including sulphate, nitrate, carbonate and metals, for hydrocarbon oxidation.
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            Biodegradation of lignocellulosics: microbial, chemical, and enzymatic aspects of the fungal attack of lignin

            Wood is the main renewable material on Earth and is largely used as building material and in paper-pulp manufacturing. This review describes the composition of lignocellulosic materials, the different processes by which fungi are able to alter wood, including decay patterns caused by white, brown, and soft-rot fungi, and fungal staining of wood. The chemical, enzymatic, and molecular aspects of the fungal attack of lignin, which represents the key step in wood decay, are also discussed. Modern analytical techniques to investigate fungal degradation and modification of the lignin polymer are reviewed, as are the different oxidative enzymes (oxidoreductases) involved in lignin degradation. These include laccases, high redox potential ligninolytic peroxidases (lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and versatile peroxidase), and oxidases. Special emphasis is given to the reactions catalyzed, their synergistic action on lignin, and the structural bases for their unique catalytic properties. Broadening our knowledge of lignocellulose biodegradation processes should contribute to better control of wood-decaying fungi, as well as to the development of new biocatalysts of industrial interest based on these organisms and their enzymes.
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              Bacterial endophyte-mediated naphthalene phytoprotection and phytoremediation.

              Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major and recalcitrant pollutants of the environment and their removal presents a significant problem. Phytoremediation has shown much promise in PAH removal from contaminated soil, but may be inhibited because the plant experiences phytotoxic effects from low-molecular-weight PAHs such as naphthalene. This paper describes the construction of a naphthalene-degrading endophytic strain designated Pseudomonas putida VM1441(pNAH7). This strain was found to be an efficient colonizer of plants, colonizing both the rhizosphere and interior root tissues. The inoculation of plants with P. putida VM1441(pNAH7) resulted in the protection of the host plant from the phytotoxic effects of naphthalene. When inoculated plants were exposed to naphthalene, both seed germination and plant transpiration rates were higher than those of the uninoculated controls. The inoculation of plants with this strain also facilitated higher (40%) naphthalene degradation rates compared with uninoculated plants in artificially contaminated soil.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jsars
                Journal of the Selva Andina Research Society
                J. Selva Andina Res. Soc.
                Órgano oficial de la:; SELVA ANDINA RESEARCH SOCIETY (La Paz, , Bolivia )
                2072-9294
                2020
                : 11
                : 2
                : 94-102
                Affiliations
                [02] Morelia Mich orgnameUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas orgdiv2Facultad de Ingeniería Química México
                [01] Morelia Michoacán orgnameUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas orgdiv2Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental México syanez@ 123456umich.mx
                [03] Morelia Mich orgnameUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo orgdiv1Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología México
                Article
                S2072-92942020000200005 S2072-9294(20)01100200005
                1893ef20-bb18-4af5-bed6-86ac039b9b2e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : June 2020
                : February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Categories
                NOTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                phytoremediation,biostimulation,Suelo,hydrocarbons,fitorremediación,Soil,hidrocarburos,rhizobacteria,bioestimulación

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