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      A cross-sectional study of factors affecting seasonality in bipolar disorder

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          Abstract

          BACKGROUND: Researchers have evinced interest in the effect of seasonal variations on mood and behavioural patterns in affective disorders. OBJECTIVE: To study seasonality in bipolar disorder (BD) patients and also the factors affecting this seasonality. METHOD: Forty-nine patients with BD in euthymic phase were recruited and analysed using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. RESULTS: Most of the patients were morning types but chronotype had no influence on seasonality. Age of patient and number of episodes were the most important factors affecting seasonality in BD. CONCLUSION: Seasonality and its influencing factors must be considered while managing bipolar disorder.

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          Seasonal changes, sleep length and circadian preference among twins with bipolar disorder

          Reeta Hakkarainen, Carolina Johansson, Tuula Kieseppä … (2003)
          Background We aimed at studying the seasonal changes in mood and behaviour, the distribution of hospital admissions by season, and the persistence of the circadian type in twins with bipolar disorder and their healthy co-twins. Methods All Finnish like-sex twins born from 1940 to 1969 were screened for a diagnosis of bipolar type I disorder. The diagnosis was assessed with a structured research interview, and the study subjects (n = 67) filled in the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). For studying the persistence of the habitual sleep length and circadian type, we used data derived from the Finnish Twin Cohort Questionnaire (FTCQ). Bipolar twins were compared with their healthy co-twins. Results Bipolar twins had greater seasonal changes in sleep length (p = 0.01) and mood (p = 0.01), and higher global seasonality scores (p = 0.03) as compared with their co-twins with no mental disorder. Sunny days (p = 0.03) had a greater positive effect on wellbeing in the bipolar than healthy co-twins. Conclusions Our results support the view that bipolar disorder is sensitive to the environmental influence in general and to the seasonal effect in specific. Exposure to natural light appears to have a substantial effect on wellbeing in twins with bipolar disorder.
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            Bipolar disorder with seasonal pattern: clinical characteristics and gender influences.

            Pierre Alexis Geoffroy, Frank Bellivier, Jan Scott … (2013)
            Bipolar disorder (BD) has a multifactorial etiology with heterogeneous clinical presentations. Around 25% of BD patients may present with a depressive seasonal pattern (SP). However, there are limited scientific data on the prevalence of SP, its clinical manifestations, and any gender influence. Four hundred and fifty-two BD I and II cases (62% female), recruited from three French university-affiliated psychiatric departments, were assessed for SP. Clinical, treatment, and sociodemographic variables were obtained from structured interviews. One hundred and two (23%) cases met DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) criteria for SP, with similar frequency according to gender. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between SP and BD II (odds ratio [OR] = 1.99, p = 0.01), lifetime history of rapid cycling (OR = 2.05, p = 0.02), eating disorders (OR = 2.94, p = 0.003), and total number of depressive episodes (OR = 1.13, p = 0.002). Seventy-one percent of cases were correctly classified by this analysis. However, when stratifying the analyses by gender, SP was associated with BD II subtype (OR = 2.89, p = 0.017) and total number of depressive episodes (OR = 1.21, p = 0.0018) in males but with rapid cycling (OR = 3.02, p = 0.0027) and eating disorders (OR = 2.60, p = 0.016) in females. This is the first study to identify different associations between SP and clinical characteristics of BD according to gender. The authors suggest that SP represents a potentially important specifier of BD. These findings indicate that seasonality may reflect increased severity or complexity of disorder.
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              Circadian type and mood seasonality in adolescents.

              Lorenzo Tonetti, Marco Fabbri, Monica Martoni … (2012)
              The aim of the present study was to investigate, for the first time, the relationship between circadian preference and mood seasonality in adolescents. To this end, 1539 participants (881 female; 658 male) completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents and the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents to determine circadian preference and mood seasonality, respectively. Evening types achieved significantly higher mood seasonality scores than intermediate and morning types, as intermediates did than morning types. Agreeing with previous studies on young adults and adults, the present data indicate a significant relationship between eveningness and higher mood seasonality in adolescents.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                P K Mittal: Role: ND
                S Mehta: Role: ND
                R K Solanki: Role: ND
                M K Swami: Role: ND
                P S Meena: Role: ND
                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher): sajp
                Title: South African Journal of Psychiatry
                Abbreviated Title: S. Afr. j. psyc.
                Publisher: Health and Medical Publishing Group (Cape Town )
                ISSN: 1608-9685
                Publication date (Print): June 2014
                Volume: 20
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 58-59
                Affiliations
                [1 ] All India Institute of Medical Sciences India
                [2 ] Sawai Man Singh Medical College India
                [3 ] Dr Sampurnanand Medical Colleg India
                [4 ] BPS Government Medical College for Women India
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2078-67862014000200006
                DOI: 10.7196/SAJP.491
                SO-VID: 19087375-cda8-4327-a6ae-89fe759c0b25
                License:

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO South Africa

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2078-6786&lng=en
                Categories
                Subject: Neurosciences
                Subject: Psychiatry

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurosciences, Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry

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