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      Propofol ou sevofluorano sobre variáveis hemodinâmicas em cães submetidos à administração subaracnóidea de iohexol Translated title: Propofol or sevoflurane upon hemodynamic variables in dogs submitted to subarachnoid administration of iohexol

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          Abstract

          Avaliaram-se os efeitos do propofol ou sevofluorano sobre variáveis hemodinâmicas, em cães submetidos à mielografia. Para tanto, utilizaram-se trinta animais distribuídos em dois grupos de igual número, denominados GP e GS. Os animais do GP receberam propofol (10mg kg-1) por via intravenosa para intubação orotraqueal, e imediatamente após, administrou-se continuamente, por meio de bomba de infusão, propofol (0,55 ± 0,15mg kg-1 min-1). Decorridos 30 minutos, foi colhido liquor na cisterna magna e o meio de contraste iohexol foi injetado. No GS empregou-se a mesma metodologia adotada para o GP, utilizando indução anestésica pela administração de sevofluorano a 2,5 CAM, com o uso de máscara naso-oral vedada e manutenção com 1,5 CAM. As variáveis estudadas foram freqüência cardíaca (FC), pressões arteriais sistólica, diastólica e média (PAS, PAD e PAM, respectivamente), débito cardíaco (DC), volume sistólico (VS), pressão venosa central (PVC), freqüência respiratória (f), concentração de dióxido de carbono ao final da expiração (ETCO2) e saturação de oxihemoglobina (SpO2). As mensurações das variáveis foram realizadas imediatamente após a colheita do liquor (M1), logo após a aplicação de iohexol (M2), seguida das demais em intervalos de 10 minutos, durante uma hora. Utilizazou-se a Análise de Variância (ANOVA) seguida pelo teste F como métodos estatísticos, considerando p<0,05. Houve redução da pressão arterial em ambos os grupos, sendo menos intensa no grupo que recebeu propofol. No GS, observou-se redução da FC e aumento do DC e do VS. Referente a ETCO2 as médias do GP foram superiores às do GS. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que tanto o propofol como o sevofluorano não promovem alterações hemodinâmicas que comprometam a técnica de mielografia.

          Translated abstract

          The effects of propofol or sevoflurane upon hemodynamics variables were studied in dogs submitted to myelography. For this purpose, thirty dogs were randomly divided into two equal groups, denominated GP and GS. The animals of GP were induced with propofol (10mg kg-1) intravenously, intubated and after that, propofol was administrated continuously through an infusion pump (0.55±0.15mg kg-1 min-1). After thirty minutes the liquor was collected on the magna cistern and the contrast (iohexol) was injected. To the animals of GS, the same methodology was adopted, but sevoflurane at 2.5 MAC was used as the anesthetic induction by facial mask, and the maintenance was done with 1.5 MAC. The variables studied were heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures (SAP, DAP, and MAP, respectively), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), central venous pressure (CVP), respiratory rate (RR), end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2). The measurements were realized immediately after liquor collection (M1), after iohexol administration (M2), and at each 10 minutes after M2, during one hour. The numerical data were submitted to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by F test considering p<0.05. There was reduction in blood pressure at both groups, and this effect was less intense at the group that received propofol. In GS it was observed reduction in HR and increase in CO and SV. Regarding to ETCO2 the averages of GP were greater than the GS. The results allow to conclude that both propofol and sevoflurane do not promote hemodynamics alterations that compromise the myelography technique.

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          Cardiovascular responses to sevoflurane: a review.

          In conclusion, sevoflurane appears to be similar to isoflurane and desflurane with a few exceptions. Sevoflurane was not associated with increases in heart rate in adult patients and volunteers, whereas higher MACs of isoflurane and desflurane and rapid increases in the inspired concentrations of these two anesthetics have been associated with tachycardia. Increasing concentrations of sevoflurane progressively decrease blood pressure in a manner similar to the other volatile anesthetics, and in unstimulated volunteers this decrease may be slightly less than with isoflurane at a higher MAC. Sevoflurane appears similar to isoflurane in its effect on regional blood flows, including the hepatic, renal, and cerebral circulation. In animals, sevoflurane appears to be a slightly less potent coronary vasodilator than isoflurane, and in a dog model, sevoflurane has not been associated with coronary flow redistribution ("steal"). Sevoflurane decreases myocardial contractility in a manner similar to equianesthetic concentrations of isoflurane and desflurane, and does not potentiate epinephrine-induced cardiac arrhythmias. Sevoflurane reduces baroreflex function in a manner similar to other volatile anesthetics. In several multicenter studies where patients with CAD or patients at high risk for CAD were randomized to receive either sevoflurane or isoflurane for cardiac or noncardiac surgery, the incidence of myocardial ischemia, infarction, and cardiac outcomes did not differ between treatment groups. Thus, sevoflurane has not been associated with untoward cardiovascular changes in volunteers and patients undergoing elective surgery compared with other volatile anesthetics, and it appears to offer a more stable heart rate profile than either isoflurane or desflurane.
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            Direct coronary vasomotor effects of sevoflurane and desflurane in in situ canine hearts.

            An extracorporeal system was used to investigate the direct coronary vasomotor effects of sevoflurane and desflurane in vivo. The role of the adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) in these effects was evaluated. Twenty-one open-chest, anesthetized (fentanyl-midazolam) dogs were studied. The left anterior descending coronary artery was perfused at controlled pressure (80 mmHg) with normal arterial blood or arterial blood equilibrated with either sevoflurane or desflurane. Series 1 (n = 16) was divided into two groups of equal size on the basis of whether sevoflurane (1.2, 2.4, and 4.8%) or desflurane (3.6, 7.2, and 14.4%) was studied. The concentrations for the anesthetics corresponded to 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), respectively. Coronary blood flow (CBF) was measured with an ultrasonic, transit-time transducer. Local coronary venous samples were obtained and used to evaluate changes in myocardial oxygen extraction (EO2). In series 2 (n = 5), changes in CBF by 1 MAC sevoflurane and desflurane were assessed before and during intracoronary infusion of the KATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide (100 microg/min). Intracoronary sevoflurane and desflurane caused concentration-dependent increases in CBF (and decreases in EO2) that were comparable. Glibenclamide blunted significantly the anesthetic-induced increases in CBF. Sevoflurane and desflurane have comparable coronary vasodilative effects in in situ canine hearts. The KATP channels play a prominent role in these effects. When compared with data obtained previously in the same model, the coronary vasodilative effects of sevoflurane and desflurane are similar to those of enflurane and halothane but considerably smaller than that of isoflurane.
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              Manual de drogas usadas em anestesia

              S Omoigui (2001)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria )
                1678-4596
                December 2005
                : 35
                : 6
                : 1345-1350
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade da Califórnia EUA
                [4 ] Universidade Federal de Campina Grande Brazil
                Article
                S0103-84782005000600018
                10.1590/S0103-84782005000600018
                1909290e-f41c-4109-a359-e796b544db7d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-8478&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRONOMY

                Horticulture
                anesthesia,canine,hemodynamic,myelography,anestesia,caninos,hemodinâmica,mielografia
                Horticulture
                anesthesia, canine, hemodynamic, myelography, anestesia, caninos, hemodinâmica, mielografia

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