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      Semillas de Villca (Anadenanthera colubrina) en Iconografía Tiwanaku Translated title: Villca seeds (Anadenanthera colubrina) within Tiwanaku iconography

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          Abstract

          Resumen El trabajo de campo en el sitio arqueológico de Tiwanaku y sus museos, describe la presencia de motivos fitomorfos asociados a la Planta Sagrada Villca (Anadenanthera colubrina). Mediante análisis iconográficos, consideraciones etnobotánicas y aspectos culturales relativos al uso de Plantas Divinas, aplicando un enfoque transdisciplinar, planteamos que las semillas de Villca tienen una presencia importante en la iconografía Tiwanaku, en particular en los instrumentos de la parafernalia inhalatoria propia del sitio arqueológico. A partir del estudio de motivos fitomorfos Tiwanaku asociados a vainas de Anadenanthera, proponemos la existencia de un signo primario iconográfico que representaría a las semillas de Villca. El estudio iconográfico de la parafernalia inhalatoria del sitio arqueológico de Tiwanaku, también nos permite sugerir la existencia de un vínculo entre la semilla de Villca, los motivos felínicos recurrentes y la pirámide de Akapana. La participación de Especialistas Tradicionales como parte del Equipo de Investigación, tanto en el trabajo de campo como en las discusiones de interpretación, fue determinante para el aporte transdisciplinar presentado en este trabajo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The fieldwork carried out at the Tiwanaku archaeological site and its museums, describes the presence of phytomorphic motifs associated with the Villca Sacred Plant (Anadenanthera colubrina). Through iconographic analysis, ethnobotanical considerations and cultural aspects related to the use of Sacred Plants, applying a transdisciplinary approach, we propose that Villca seeds have an important role in Tiwanaku iconography, mainly in the snuffing paraphernalia instruments typical of this archaeological site. From the study of Tiwanaku phytomorphic motifs associated with Anadenanthera pods, we propose the existence of a primary iconographic sign that would represent the seeds of Villca. The iconographic study of the snuffing paraphernalia of the Tiwanaku archaeological site also allows us to suggest the existence of a link between the Villca seed, the recurring feline motifs and the Akapana pyramid. The participation of Traditional Specialists as part of the Research Team, both in the fieldwork and in the interpretation discussions, was decisive for the transdisciplinary contribution presented in this work.

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          Most cited references31

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          Arqueología de la región atacameña.

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            Snuff Powders from Pre-Hispanic San Pedro de Atacama: Chemical and Contextual Analysis

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              Wari Ritual Power at Conchopata: An Interpretation of Anadenanthera Colubrina Iconography

              Iconographic studies often provide evidence to interpret ritual activities of archaeologically known cultures. Recent excavations at the site of Conchopata near Ayacucho, Peru, led to a re-analysis of the ritual behavior of Middle Horizon (A. D. 750-1000) Wari society. The identification of a hallucinogenic plant design, Anadenanthera colubrina, depicted on Conchopata offering pottery contributes a crucial understanding of a previously unknown artistic icon. This icon was discerned as depicted in various abstract renditions on Middle Horizon textiles, snuff paraphernalia, ceramics, and stone sculpture, including the Gate of the Sun at Tiwanaku, Bolivia. Based on historic and ethnographic evidence, the plant's prehistoric use as a hallucinogen is discussed with regard to suggested chicha drinking ceremonies, and the transitional role of Wari leaders from shamans to priests.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcti
                Revista Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
                Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
                Universidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca (Chuquisaca, , Bolivia )
                2225-8787
                December 2019
                : 17
                : 20
                : 31-50
                Affiliations
                [01] Cochabamba orgnameUniversidad Mayor de San Simón orgdiv1AGRUCO Bolivia
                [02] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias.
                Article
                S2225-87872019000200003 S2225-8787(19)01702000003
                196bf13d-4110-41fb-8a89-94c14bf02da1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 November 2019
                : 30 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 20
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                iconografía,parafernalia inhalatoria,Anadenanthera,Villca,iconography,snuffing paraphernalia

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