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      Color-pure red light-emitting diodes based on two-dimensional lead-free perovskites

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          Abstract

          Efficient lead-free perovskite light-emitting diodes with color coordinates that fulfill Rec. 2100 requirements are demonstrated.

          Abstract

          It remains a central challenge to the information display community to develop red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that meet demanding color coordinate requirements for wide color gamut displays. Here, we report high-efficiency, lead-free (PEA) 2SnI 4 perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) with color coordinates (0.708, 0.292) that fulfill the Rec. 2100 specification for red emitters. Using valeric acid (VA)—which we show to be strongly coordinated to Sn 2+—we slow the crystallization rate of the perovskite, improving the film morphology. The incorporation of VA also protects tin from undesired oxidation during the film-forming process. The improved films and the reduced Sn 4+ content enable PeLEDs with an external quantum efficiency of 5% and an operating half-life exceeding 15 hours at an initial brightness of 20 cd/m 2. This work illustrates the potential of Cd- and Pb-free PeLEDs for display technology.

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          Perovskite light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 20 per cent

          Metal halide perovskite materials are an emerging class of solution-processable semiconductors with considerable potential for use in optoelectronic devices1-3. For example, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on these materials could see application in flat-panel displays and solid-state lighting, owing to their potential to be made at low cost via facile solution processing, and could provide tunable colours and narrow emission line widths at high photoluminescence quantum yields4-8. However, the highest reported external quantum efficiencies of green- and red-light-emitting perovskite LEDs are around 14 per cent7,9 and 12 per cent8, respectively-still well behind the performance of organic LEDs10-12 and inorganic quantum dot LEDs13. Here we describe visible-light-emitting perovskite LEDs that surpass the quantum efficiency milestone of 20 per cent. This achievement stems from a new strategy for managing the compositional distribution in the device-an approach that simultaneously provides high luminescence and balanced charge injection. Specifically, we mixed a presynthesized CsPbBr3 perovskite with a MABr additive (where MA is CH3NH3), the differing solubilities of which yield sequential crystallization into a CsPbBr3/MABr quasi-core/shell structure. The MABr shell passivates the nonradiative defects that would otherwise be present in CsPbBr3 crystals, boosting the photoluminescence quantum efficiency, while the MABr capping layer enables balanced charge injection. The resulting 20.3 per cent external quantum efficiency represents a substantial step towards the practical application of perovskite LEDs in lighting and display.
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            Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices

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              Monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells with 24.8% efficiency exploiting comproportionation to suppress Sn(ii) oxidation in precursor ink

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sci Adv
                Sci Adv
                SciAdv
                advances
                Science Advances
                American Association for the Advancement of Science
                2375-2548
                October 2020
                14 October 2020
                : 6
                : 42
                : eabb0253
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada.
                [2 ]Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.
                [3 ]Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
                [4 ]Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough 1065 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.
                Author notes
                [*]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                []Corresponding author. Email: zhenghong.lu@ 123456utoronto.ca (Z.-H.L.); osman.bakr@ 123456kaust.edu.sa (O.M.B.); ted.sargent@ 123456utoronto.ca (E.H.S.)
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4619-275X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-3655
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4545-532X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-6856
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-3725
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2106-7664
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-1763
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1594-865X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-1475
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9407-1528
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-5074
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-0822
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3428-1002
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-6495
                Article
                abb0253
                10.1126/sciadv.abb0253
                7556835
                33055155
                199dc00b-056e-4ff4-b30b-450be6857ae2
                Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 23 January 2020
                : 28 August 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada;
                Funded by: doi http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
                Funded by: Global Research Outreach program of Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology;
                Funded by: Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence Program;
                Funded by: the Canada Foundation for Innovation; the Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence; and the University of Toronto;
                Categories
                Research Article
                Research Articles
                SciAdv r-articles
                Optics
                Optics
                Custom metadata
                Anne Suarez

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