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      Influencia de las condiciones de trabajo en la percepción de la calidad del cuidado de profesionales de enfermería Translated title: Influence of working conditions on the perception of the quality of care of Nursing professionals

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo principal: Determinar la influencia de las condiciones de trabajo del profesional de enfermería sobre su percepción de la Calidad del Cuidado. Metodología: investigación cuantitativa, de diseño explicativo y transversal. Se censó a 290 enfermeras en tres hospitales en Chile. Se aplicaron: cuestionario de antecedentes sociolaborales; el instrumento Karen Personal para evaluar la Calidad del Cuidado y un cuestionario de Condiciones de Trabajo. Resultados principales: La existencia de un entorno social favorable, un adecuado ajuste de la organización a la persona y la adaptación de la persona a la organización determinan la percepción de un cuidado de enfermería de mayor calidad. Conclusión principal: Una mayor valoración de las condiciones de trabajo (entorno social favorable, adecuado ajuste de la organización a la persona y adaptación de la persona a la organización) aumenta la percepción de la calidad del cuidado prestado por las enfermeras.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Main objective: To determine the influence of the nursing professional's working conditions on their perception of the Quality of Care. Methodology: quantitative research, with an explanatory and cross-sectional design. 290 nurses were enrolled in three hospitals in Chile. They were applied: questionnaire of socio-labour antecedents; the Karen Personal instrument to evaluate the Quality of Care and a questionnaire on Working Conditions. Main results: The existence of a favourable social environment, an adequate adjustment of the organization to the person and the adaptation of the person to the organization determine the perception of a higher Quality Nursing Care. Main conclusion: A greater appreciation of working conditions (favourable social environment, adequate adjustment of the organization to the person and adaptation of the person to the organization) increases the perception of the quality of care provided by nurses.

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          Most cited references28

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          What makes clinical research ethical?

          Many believe that informed consent makes clinical research ethical. However, informed consent is neither necessary nor sufficient for ethical clinical research. Drawing on the basic philosophies underlying major codes, declarations, and other documents relevant to research with human subjects, we propose 7 requirements that systematically elucidate a coherent framework for evaluating the ethics of clinical research studies: (1) value-enhancements of health or knowledge must be derived from the research; (2) scientific validity-the research must be methodologically rigorous; (3) fair subject selection-scientific objectives, not vulnerability or privilege, and the potential for and distribution of risks and benefits, should determine communities selected as study sites and the inclusion criteria for individual subjects; (4) favorable risk-benefit ratio-within the context of standard clinical practice and the research protocol, risks must be minimized, potential benefits enhanced, and the potential benefits to individuals and knowledge gained for society must outweigh the risks; (5) independent review-unaffiliated individuals must review the research and approve, amend, or terminate it; (6) informed consent-individuals should be informed about the research and provide their voluntary consent; and (7) respect for enrolled subjects-subjects should have their privacy protected, the opportunity to withdraw, and their well-being monitored. Fulfilling all 7 requirements is necessary and sufficient to make clinical research ethical. These requirements are universal, although they must be adapted to the health, economic, cultural, and technological conditions in which clinical research is conducted. JAMA. 2000;283:2701-2711.
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            Effects of hospital care environment on patient mortality and nurse outcomes.

            The objective of this study was to analyze the net effects of nurse practice environments on nurse and patient outcomes after accounting for nurse staffing and education. Staffing and education have well-documented associations with patient outcomes, but evidence on the effect of care environments on outcomes has been more limited. Data from 10,184 nurses and 232,342 surgical patients in 168 Pennsylvania hospitals were analyzed. Care environments were measured using the practice environment scales of the Nursing Work Index. Outcomes included nurse job satisfaction, burnout, intent to leave, and reports of quality of care, as well as mortality and failure to rescue in patients. Nurses reported more positive job experiences and fewer concerns with care quality, and patients had significantly lower risks of death and failure to rescue in hospitals with better care environments. Care environment elements must be optimized alongside nurse staffing and education to achieve high quality of care.
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              Nurses' reports of working conditions and hospital quality of care in 12 countries in Europe.

              Cost containment pressures underscore the need to better understand how nursing resources can be optimally configured. To obtain a snapshot of European nurses' assessments of their hospital work environments and quality of care in order to identify promising strategies to retain nurses in hospital practice and to avoid quality of care erosions related to cost containment. Cross sectional surveys of 33,659 hospital medical-surgical nurses in 12 European countries. Surveyed nurses provided care in 488 hospitals in Belgium, England, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. All nurses were surveyed from medical-surgical units 30 or more hospitals from geographically representative samples of hospitals in each country, except for Ireland and Norway, where all hospitals were selected, and Sweden, where nearly all hospitals were included by sampling all medical-surgical nurses who were members of the Swedish Nursing Association. Percentages are provided for each of the nurse and hospital characteristics reported. There was wide variation across countries in the percentages of hospital nurses that were bachelor's prepared (range 0-100%), in patient to nurse average workloads (3.7-10.2) and skill mix (54-82% nurses). More than one in five nurses (11-56%) were dissatisfied with their jobs in most countries, and dissatisfaction was pronounced with respect to wages, educational opportunities and opportunities for advancement. Sizable percentages (19-49%) of nurses intended to leave their jobs, though the percentage that thought it would be easy to find another job varied greatly across countries (16-77%). Nurse concerns with workforce management and adequate resources were widespread. While most nurses did not give their hospitals poor grades on patient safety, many doubted that safety was a management priority. Nurses reported that important nursing tasks were often left undone because of lack of time, and indicated that adverse events were not uncommon. Nurse shortages can be expected when national economies improve unless hospital work environments improve. Wide variation in nurse staffing and skill mix suggests a lack of evidence-based decision making. Additional research is warranted on the impact of these variations in nurse resources on patient outcomes. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                index
                Index de Enfermería
                Index Enferm
                Fundación Index (Granada, Granada, Spain )
                1132-1296
                1699-5988
                June 2021
                : 30
                : 1-2
                : 29-33
                Affiliations
                [1] Chillán orgnameUniversidad del Bío-Bío orgdiv1Facultad Ciencias de la Salud y los Alimentos orgdiv2Departamento Enfermería Chile
                [2] Chillán Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad de Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Enfermería Chile
                Article
                S1132-12962021000100008 S1132-1296(21)03000100008
                199f5a1f-2735-43c1-955f-2b65decaa74f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 April 2020
                : 27 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Enfermeros,Working Conditions,Quality of Health Care,Nurses,Condiciones de Trabajo,Calidad de la Atención de Salud,Enfermeras

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