7
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Tympanic Membrane Rupture During Stereotaxic Surgery Disturbs the Normal Feeding Behavior in Rats

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Stereotactic surgery is a widely used procedure in neuroscience research to study the brain’s regulation of feeding behavior. In line with this notion, this study aims to assess how food consumption and feeding patterns are affected in response to the use of auditory bars that preserve or damage the tympanic membrane during stereotactic surgery. Our previous observations led us to hypothesize that the traumatic tympanic membrane rupture affects food intake and feeding patterns in rats undergoing stereotactic procedures. Thereby, female and male rats were cannulated in the third ventricle (3V) using both types of auditory bars. Post-surgical pain was assessed using the grimace scale. Food intake, meal patterns and weight gain or loss were analyzed for 5–7 consecutive days after surgery. Normal food intake, increased body weight and regular meal patterns were observed from postoperative day 2 when the stereotactic procedure was performed using auditory bars that maintain the integrity of the tympanic membrane. However, tympanic membrane rupture prevented the expected recovery of food intake and body weight. This effect was accompanied by an alteration in eating patterns, which was persistent over 7 days of recovery. Thus, tympanic membrane preservation during surgery is necessary to evaluate short-term feeding patterns. This study demonstrates auditory bars that do not damage the tympanic membrane should be used when performing stereotactic surgery for subsequent analysis of rat behavior.

          Graphical Abstract

          Tympanic membrane rupture during stereotaxic surgery disturbs the normal feeding behavior in rats. (A) Tympanic membrane perforated. The rats were positioned in the stereotactic equipment using auditory bars that break the tympanic membrane. The rupture of the membrane prevents the body weight gain. (B) Tympanic membrane preserved. The rats were positioned on the stereotactic equipment using auditory bars that maintain the integrity of the tympanic membrane. The integrity of the membrane is necessary to stimulate body weight gain and increase animal welfare.

          Related collections

          Most cited references16

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Coding of facial expressions of pain in the laboratory mouse.

          Facial expression is widely used as a measure of pain in infants; whether nonhuman animals display such pain expressions has never been systematically assessed. We developed the mouse grimace scale (MGS), a standardized behavioral coding system with high accuracy and reliability; assays involving noxious stimuli of moderate duration are accompanied by facial expressions of pain. This measure of spontaneously emitted pain may provide insight into the subjective pain experience of mice.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            The Rat Grimace Scale: A partially automated method for quantifying pain in the laboratory rat via facial expressions

            We recently demonstrated the utility of quantifying spontaneous pain in mice via the blinded coding of facial expressions. As the majority of preclinical pain research is in fact performed in the laboratory rat, we attempted to modify the scale for use in this species. We present herein the Rat Grimace Scale, and show its reliability, accuracy, and ability to quantify the time course of spontaneous pain in the intraplantar complete Freund's adjuvant, intraarticular kaolin-carrageenan, and laparotomy (post-operative pain) assays. The scale's ability to demonstrate the dose-dependent analgesic efficacy of morphine is also shown. In addition, we have developed software, Rodent Face Finder®, which successfully automates the most labor-intensive step in the process. Given the known mechanistic dissociations between spontaneous and evoked pain, and the primacy of the former as a clinical problem, we believe that widespread adoption of spontaneous pain measures such as the Rat Grimace Scale might lead to more successful translation of basic science findings into clinical application.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Multisensory flavor perception.

              The perception of flavor is perhaps the most multisensory of our everyday experiences. The latest research by psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists increasingly reveals the complex multisensory interactions that give rise to the flavor experiences we all know and love, demonstrating how they rely on the integration of cues from all of the human senses. This Perspective explores the contributions of distinct senses to our perception of food and the growing realization that the same rules of multisensory integration that have been thoroughly explored in interactions between audition, vision, and touch may also explain the combination of the (admittedly harder to study) flavor senses. Academic advances are now spilling out into the real world, with chefs and food industry increasingly taking the latest scientific findings on board in their food design.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Behav Neurosci
                Front Behav Neurosci
                Front. Behav. Neurosci.
                Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1662-5153
                01 December 2020
                2020
                : 14
                : 591204
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción , Concepción, Chile
                [2] 2Centro Regional de Estudios para la Vida (CREAV), Universidad de Concepción , Concepción, Chile
                [3] 3Laboratorio de Enzmología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción , Concepción, Chile
                Author notes

                Edited by: Gregor Majdic, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia

                Reviewed by: Kevin Graeme Murphy, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Arturo Ortega, National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico (CINVESTAV), Mexico

                *Correspondence: María A García-Robles, mgarcia@ 123456udec.cl

                Present address: María J Barahona, Centro de Microscopía Avanzada CMA BIO BIO, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile

                This article was submitted to Individual and Social Behaviors, a section of the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

                Article
                10.3389/fnbeh.2020.591204
                7735996
                33335480
                19a7bd7d-6158-4c2e-b6c2-f414aefaddf3
                Copyright © 2020 Barahona, Rojas, Uribe and García-Robles.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 05 August 2020
                : 14 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 16, Pages: 10, Words: 0
                Funding
                Funded by: Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico 10.13039/501100002850
                Categories
                Neuroscience
                Methods

                Neurosciences
                rats,auditory bars,food intake,recovery,body weight
                Neurosciences
                rats, auditory bars, food intake, recovery, body weight

                Comments

                Comment on this article