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      Efecto de oligosacáridos y enzimas sobre biopelículas generadas por Candida glabrata en prótesis dentales Translated title: Effect of oligosaccharides and enzymes on biofilms generated by Candida glabrata in dental prostheses

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          Abstract

          Resumen La C. glabrata frecuentemente coloniza la cavidad oral de los adultos mayores. Las biopelículas generadas por C. glabrata con perfil de sensibilidad disminuida o resistencia a fluconazol adheridas a prótesis dentales, son un factor de riesgo para la candidiasis subprotésica y mortalidad en adultos mayores hospitalizados. La resistencia de C. glabrata, especialmente por su capacidad de producir biopelículas, lleva a falla terapéutica odontológica y requiere investigar alternativas terapéuticas. En consecuencia, nuestro estudio investigó el efecto de oligosacáridos como antifúngicos y enzimas hidrolíticas como biomoléculas reductoras de biopelículas generadas por C. glabrata. Se analizaron 37 cepas de C. glabrata (11 de ellas, formadoras de biopelículas) aisladas de 81 adultos mayores (con consentimiento informado) que residen en Hogares de acogida en Sucre, Bolivia. La susceptibilidad antifúngica de los oligosacáridos fue estudiada mediante difusión en agar y CIM mediante micro dilución en caldo RMPI según CLSI. La actividad sobre las biopelículas según el método de O'Toole y Kolter. Resultados: El quitosano Ch-D, presentó buena actividad antifúngica para C. glabrata. El uso de lisozima a 50 ng/ml, muestra una excelente actividad como agente reductor de biopelículas de 24 horas, en aislados de prótesis dentales. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio evidenció, que la longitud de la cadena, como la presencia de grupos aminos en los oligosacáridos, son claves para la actividad antifúngica frente a C. glabrata. En el caso de biopelículas formadas, la actividad de la lisozima podría ser útil. Ambas moléculas, podrían ser una buena alternativa para tratamiento de C. glabrata y evitar la aparición de candidiasis subprotésica.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract C. glabrata frequently colonizes the oral cavity of older adults. Biofilms generated by C. glabrata with a diminished sensitivity profile or resistance to fluconazole attached to dental prostheses, are a risk factor for subprothetic candidiasis and mortality in hospitalized older adults. The resistance of C. glabrata, especially for its ability to produce biofilms, leads to dental therapeutic failure and requires researching therapeutic alternatives. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the effect of oligosaccharides as antifungals and hydrolytic enzymes as biomolecules reducing biofilms generated by C. glabrata. 37 strains of C. glabrata (11 of them, biofilm-forming) isolated from 81 older adults (with informed consent) residing in care homes in Sucre, Bolivia, were analyzed. The antifungal susceptibility of oligosaccharides was studied by diffusion in agar and MIC by means of microdilution in RMPI broth according to CLSI. The activity on biofilms according to the O'Toole and Kolter method. Results: Ch-D chitosan showed good antifungal activity for C. glabrata. The use of lysozyme at 50 ug / ml shows an excellent activity as a 24-hour biofilm reducing agent in dental prosthesis isolates. Conclusions: Our study showed that chain length, such as the presence of amino groups in oligosaccharides, are key to antifungal activity against C. glabrata. In the case of biofilms formed, the activity of lizosima could be useful. Both molecules could be a good alternative for the treatment of C. glabrata and avoid the appearance of subprosthetic candidiasis.

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          Most cited references29

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          Chitosan: An Update on Potential Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications

          Chitosan is a natural polycationic linear polysaccharide derived from chitin. The low solubility of chitosan in neutral and alkaline solution limits its application. Nevertheless, chemical modification into composites or hydrogels brings to it new functional properties for different applications. Chitosans are recognized as versatile biomaterials because of their non-toxicity, low allergenicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review presents the recent research, trends and prospects in chitosan. Some special pharmaceutical and biomedical applications are also highlighted.
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            Recent developments in antibacterial and antifungal chitosan and its derivatives.

            Chitosan is the deacetylated form of chitin, a biopolymer that can be obtained from various waste streams and shows antimicrobial activity against different fungi, gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Although chitosan has been studied for years, many aspects remain unclear. This review gives an overview of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan and novel chitosan derivatives of the last 15 years. The most important parameters (molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, etc.) are discussed along with a status update on the mode of action of chitosan.
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              Initiation of biofilm formation in Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365 proceeds via multiple, convergent signalling pathways: a genetic analysis.

              Populations of surface-attached microorganisms comprising either single or multiple species are commonly referred to as biofilms. Using a simple assay for the initiation of biofilm formation (e.g. attachment to an abiotic surface) by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain WCS365, we have shown that: (i) P. fluorescens can form biofilms on an abiotic surface when grown on a range of nutrients; (ii) protein synthesis is required for the early events of biofilm formation; (iii) one (or more) extracytoplasmic protein plays a role in interactions with an abiotic surface; (iv) the osmolarity of the medium affects the ability of the cell to form biofilms. We have isolated transposon mutants defective for the initiation of biofilm formation, which we term surface attachment defective (sad). Molecular analysis of the sad mutants revealed that the ClpP protein (a component of the cytoplasmic Clp protease) participates in biofilm formation in this organism. Our genetic analyses suggest that biofilm formation can proceed via multiple, convergent signalling pathways, which are regulated by various environmental signals. Finally, of the 24 sad mutants analysed in this study, only three had defects in genes of known function. This result suggests that our screen is uncovering novel aspects of bacterial physiology.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcti
                Revista Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
                Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
                Universidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca (Chuquisaca, , Bolivia )
                2225-8787
                December 2019
                : 17
                : 20
                : 67-82
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología orgdiv2Facultad de Ciencias de Enfermería y Obstetricia
                [02] Madrid orgnameInstituto de Química Orgánica General España
                [03] orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Programa de Microbiología-Micología
                Article
                S2225-87872019000200005 S2225-8787(19)01702000005
                19ba4767-c165-44e1-943c-45a8981b4a3c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 October 2016
                : 13 September 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                Candida glabrata,biofilms,oligosaccharides,lysozyme,chitosan,biopelículas,carbohidratos,lisozima,quitosano

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