Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in Guangdong Province

Abstract

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in Guangdong, and to provide guidance for scoliosis control.

Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a total of 38 649 students aged 9–18 were selected from 132 primary and secondary schools in the Pearl River Delta and non-Pearl River Delta cities for scoliosis screening and related associated factors questionnaire survey from September to October 2020.

Results A total of 1 440 students were detected with scoliosis, with a detection rate of 3.73%. The detection rate of girls was 4.90%, which was higher than that of boys at 2.66% (χ ² = 386.89, P<0.01). The detection rate in the Pearl River Delta region was 4.09%, which was higher than the non-Pearl River Delta region at 3.38% (χ ²=13.22, P<0.01). The detection rate in urban areas was 4.51%, which was higher than counties at 2.79% (χ ²=78.70, P<0.01). The detection rate increased with the increase of the school period, high school (5.94%) >junior high school (4.50%) >elementary school (1.35%) (χ ²=386.89, P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that region, urbanicity, gender, educational stage, exercise, using electronic mobile devices, nutritional status are the influencing factors for scoliosis ( OR=0.41–3.78, P<0.05).

Conclusion The detection rate of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in Guangdong Province varies by gender, urbanicity and educational stages. Female students, as well as junior and senior high school students should be paid more attention.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解广东省中小学生脊柱侧凸流行特征, 探讨其相关影响因素, 为脊柱侧凸的预防控制提供依据。 方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法, 于2020年9一10月在珠三角和非珠三角城市抽取132所中小学校, 共38 649名9~18岁学 生进行脊柱侧凸筛査和相关影响因素问卷调査。 结果 调査学生中有1 440名检出脊柱侧凸, 检出率为3.73%。女生检出 率为4.90%, 髙于男生的2.66% (χ ²=134.72, P<0.01)。珠三角地区检出率为4.09%, 髙于非珠三角地区的3.38%(χ ²=13.22, P<0.01)。城区检出率为4.51%, 髙于县区的2.79% (χ ²=78.70, P<0.01)。检出率随着学段的升髙而升髙, 髙中 (5.94%) >初中(4.50%) >小学(1.35%) (χ ²=386.89, P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 地区、城乡、性别、学段、中髙 强度运动、使用电子移动设备、营养状况是学生脊柱侧凸的相关因素 ( OR=0.41~3.78, P值均<0.05)。 结论 广东省中小 学生脊柱侧凸检出率在性别、城乡、学段等方面均存在差异, 需重点关注女生、初中学段、髙中学段学生, 并探索有针对性的 科学干预策略。