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      A method for designing primer sets for speciation studies in filamentous ascomycetes

      1 , 1
      Mycologia
      Informa UK Limited

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          Multiple evolutionary origins of the fungus causing Panama disease of banana: concordant evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial gene genealogies.

          Panama disease of banana, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is a serious constraint both to the commercial production of banana and cultivation for subsistence agriculture. Previous work has indicated that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense consists of several clonal lineages that may be genetically distant. In this study we tested whether lineages of the Panama disease pathogen have a monophyletic origin by comparing DNA sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. DNA sequences were obtained for translation elongation factor 1alpha and the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA genes for F. oxysporum strains from banana, pathogenic strains from other hosts and putatively nonpathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum. Cladograms for the two genes were highly concordant and a partition-homogeneity test indicated the two datasets could be combined. The tree inferred from the combined dataset resolved five lineages corresponding to "F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense" with a large dichotomy between two taxa represented by strains most commonly isolated from bananas with Panama disease. The results also demonstrate that the latter two taxa have significantly different chromosome numbers. F. oxysporum isolates collected as nonpathogenic or pathogenic to other hosts that have very similar or identical elongation factor 1alpha and mitochondrial small subunit genotypes as banana pathogens were shown to cause little or no disease on banana. Taken together, these results indicate Panama disease of banana is caused by fungi with independent evolutionary origins.
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            Mycelial Incompatibility and Molecular Markers Identify Genetic Variability in Field Populations ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum

            L M Kohn (1991)
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              PATTERNS OF DESCENT IN CLONAL LINEAGES AND THEIR MULTILOCUS FINGERPRINTS ARE RESOLVED WITH COMBINED GENE GENEALOGIES.

              Clonal lineages in the filamentous ascomycete (fungi) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were determined by analysis of genealogies of four loci: the intergenic spacer of the nuclear ribosomal repeat (IGS; approximately 4 kb), the translation elongation factor (EF-1α; approximately 300 bp), an anonymous region (44.11; approximately 700 bp), and the calmodulin gene (CAL; approximately 400 bp). Three of the four loci are physically unlinked. The combined analysis of the four loci provided the best estimate of phylogeny, which is consistent with a pattern of some recombination among clonal lineages against a background of predominant clonality. Comparison of gene genealogies with a phylogeny inferred from DNA fingerprints and a combined phylogeny of the entire dataset identified convergent or parallel changes in fingerprints. Analysis of the entire data matrix allowed us to resolve patterns of descent among clonal lineages that could not be inferred from fingerprints alone and to discern recent episodes of divergence that were not detected in gene genealogies. Prerequisites for applying this approach to other systems are a haploid context for inferring multiple gene genealogies (such as the mitochondrial genome) that indicate limited recombination and another data matrix that identifies recently evolved genotypes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Mycologia
                Mycologia
                Informa UK Limited
                0027-5514
                1557-2536
                June 04 2019
                May 1999
                June 04 2019
                May 1999
                : 91
                : 3
                : 553-556
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Botany, University of Toronto at Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
                Article
                10.1080/00275514.1999.12061051
                1a7a9148-e821-411b-8963-8b1c802b573c
                © 1999
                History

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