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      Treatment of a Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease, Severe Iron Overload and Ascites by Weekly Phlebotomy Combined with Recombinant Human Erythropoietin

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          Abstract

          A 41-year-old hemodialyzed woman developed ascites and was found to have secondary iron overload. The dose ofadministered iron was approximately 11–12 g, and her serum ferritin level was 15,000 ng/ml (15,000 μg/l). There were no signs of congestive heart failure, fluid overload, or liver cirrhosis. A program of weekly phlebotomy combined with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) therapy was tried to eliminate the iron congestion. After 9 months of this therapy, about 5 g of iron had been removed. The ascites completely disappeared, and her serum ferritin level fell to 5,800 ng/ml (5,800 μg/l). This suggests that such combined therapy would be useful when iron overload must be corrected rapidly. Before therapy, the sterile ascitic fluid showed exudative characteristics with 3.7 g/dl (37 g/l) of total protein. The serum-ascites albumin difference was 0.6 g/dl (6 g/l), and the fluid contained 1,400 inflammatory cells/mm<sup>3</sup> (1.4 × 10<sup>9</sup>/l). Notably, the serum-ascites albumin difference increased in parallel with iron elimination. These findings suggested that iron deposition may have played a role in changing the permeability of the peritoneum, or in impairing lymphatic drainage, both of which are presumed to be pathogenetic factors of nephrogenic ascites.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          NEF
          Nephron
          10.1159/issn.1660-8151
          Nephron
          S. Karger AG
          1660-8151
          2235-3186
          1990
          1990
          10 December 2008
          : 55
          : 2
          : 210-213
          Affiliations
          Nehrology Division, Department of Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
          Article
          185954 Nephron 1990;55:210–213
          10.1159/000185954
          2362636
          1a7b59bb-66f2-43b2-9012-36fa5c8603e8
          © 1990 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          : 22 September 1989
          Page count
          Pages: 4
          Categories
          Case Report

          Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
          Ascites,Phlebotomy,Recombinant human erythropoietin,Iron overload,End-stage renal disease

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